用三种硅烷偶联剂KH550、KH560和KH570分别处理玄武岩纤维(BF),以未经偶联剂处理的BF为对照组。X射线电子能谱(XPS)分析三种偶联剂对BF的改性,发现BF表面的Si元素与偶联剂中的Si元素形成了Si—O—Si键,其含量顺序为KH550>KH570>KH560。测定了不同方法处理后的BF增强环氧树脂(BF/EP)复合材料水浴前后的弯曲性能和层间剪切强度(ILSS),同时用SEM观察了BF/EP水浴前后的断裂面微观形貌,结果发现水浴前三种偶联剂处理BF后都能提高BF/EP的界面粘结性能,提高效果为KH550>KH560>KH570,试样破坏时界面无脱粘,主要发生的是基体破坏,界面力学性能优于基体力学性能;水浴处理后,不同BF/EP的力学性能下降程度不同,耐水性较差,试样断裂面呈脆性断裂,界面脱粘,部分纤维被拔出后在基体中留下空洞。 The basalt fiber (BF) was treated with three kinds of silane coupling agents KH550, KH560 and KH570, respectively. The BF without the coupling agent was used as the control group. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis of three kinds of coupling agent on the BF modification and found that the surface of the BF Si element and the coupling agent Si elements formed Si-O-Si bond, the order of the content of KH550> KH570 > KH560. The flexural properties and interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of BF / EP composites treated by different methods were measured before and after water bath treatment. The microstructure of fracture surface before and after BF / EP bath was observed by SEM The results showed that the BF3-EP interfacial adhesion could be improved by the three kinds of coupling agents before water bath treatment, and the effect was KH550> KH560> KH570. When the sample failed, the interface did not debond, The mechanical properties of the interface are better than the mechanical properties of the substrate. After the water bath treatment, the mechanical properties of different BF / EP have different degrees of degradation, water resistance is poor, the fracture surface of the sample is brittle fracture, the interface is debonded, some fibers are pulled out in the matrix Leave empty.