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目的:评价球囊肺动脉成形术（BPA）治疗慢性血栓栓塞性肺动脉高压（CTEPH）的效果和安全性。方法:连续入选2018年2月至2019年9月在中日友好医院呼吸中心住院的CTEPH患者，所有患者经多学科讨论确定无法行肺动脉血栓内膜剥脱术（PEA），具有BPA手术指征。BPA术前评估6 min步行距离（6MWD）、检测血N-末端脑钠肽前体（NT-proBNP）水平，行右心导管检查获得混合静脉血氧饱和度、平均肺动脉压（mPAP）、心指数和肺血管阻力（PVR），将BPA治疗前与最后一次BPA时各项参数进行对比分析。结果:行BPA治疗的CTEPH患者25例，共行67例次BPA治疗，其中男10例（40.0%），女15例（60.0%），年龄（57.8±7.1）岁，诊断CTEPH到BPA治疗间隔时间20.0（9.0，48.5）个月，共治疗肺动脉302支，18例患者BPA≥2次，术后随访时间5.0（3.5，8.3）个月，术后6MWD、心指数、混合静脉血氧饱和度均显著改善[（425±74）比（345±109）m、（1.99±0.45）比（1.62±0.35）L·minn -1·mn -2、（68.1±6.5）%比（61.2±6.3）%]（均n P<0.05），术后血浆NT-proBNP、mPAP、PVR均显著低于术前[259（93，739）比806（148，2 159）ng/L、（40.6±8.3）比（47.3±10.7）mmHg（1 mmHg=0.133 kPa）、（11.9±4.9）比（17.2±6.5）WU（1 WU=80 dyn·s·cmn -5）]（均n P<0.05）。咯血5例次（7.5%），再灌注肺水肿（RPE）2例次（1.5%）；1例因RPE需无创呼吸机治疗，1例围手术期因咯血加重右心衰竭导致死亡。n 结论:BPA能显著改善不能行PEA的CTEPH患者的运动耐量和血流动力学参数，手术并发症发生率较低，安全有效。“,”Objective:To study the efficacy and safety of Balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH).Methods:Patients who were diagnosed CTEPH in China-Japan Friendship Hospital from Feb 2018 to Sep 2019 were evaluated. The ineligibility for pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) and the indication for BPA were decided on the basis of a consensus among the multidisciplinary team for all CTEPH patients. 6-min walk distance (6MWD), the plasma level of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), mixed venous oxygen saturation, mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP), cardiac index (CI) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) were collected and analyzed before the first and the last BPA session.Results:A total of 67 BPA sessions were performed for 302 subsegmental pulmonary arteries in 25 inoperable CTEPH patients. 10 males (40.0%) and 15 females (60.0%), with the age of (57.8±7.1) years old. The median interval between CTEPH diagnosis and first BPA was 20.0 (9.0, 48.5) months. 18 patients were received more than 2 BPA sessions, the median follow-up time was 5.0 (3.5, 8.3) months. 6MWD, CI and the mixed venous oxygen saturation were significant improved after BPA [(425±74) vs (345±109) m, (1.99±0.45) vs (1.62±0.35) L·minn -1·mn -2, (68.1%±6.5%) vs (61.2%±6.3%)](all n P<0.05). The plasma level of NT-proBNP, mPAP and PVR were significantly decreased after BPA [259 (93, 739) vs 806 (148, 2 159) ng/L, (40.6±8.3) vs (47.3±10.7) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), (11.9±4.9) vs (17.2±6.5) WU (1 WU=80 dyn·s·cmn -5)](all n P<0.05). Hemoptysis occurred in 5 sessions (7.5%) and reperfusion pulmonary edema (RPE) occurred in 2 sessions (1.5%), 1 patient needed non-invasive mechanical ventilation because of RPE, 1 patient died from right heart failure caused by hemoptysis during perioperative period.n Conclusions:BPA can significantly improve the exercise tolerance and hemodynamic parameters for inoperable CTEPH patients, the risks of BPA are acceptable. BPA is an effective and relatively safe treatment for inoperable CTEPH patients.