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目的了解不同职业人群中哮喘患者对尘螨的过敏情况。方法选取不同的职业人群并采用问卷调查方法,选择127名符合哮喘症状的志愿者,利用皮肤点刺试验(SPT)及血清特异性IgE(sIgE)检测其对尘螨变应原的过敏情况。结果工作中密切接触中药材的哮喘患者其SPT阳性率达60.0%,sIgE阳性率为51.1%;工作中密切接触粮食的哮喘患者其SPT阳性率达58.3%,sIgE阳性率为45.8%;而纺织车间工人中哮喘患者的阳性率为29.4%,sIgE阳性率20.6%;差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论不同职业中哮喘患者对尘螨的过敏情况似与职业环境相关,应加强对特定职业人群的劳动保护。
Objective To understand the allergic situation of dust mites in asthma patients of different occupational groups. Methods A total of 127 volunteers with asthma symptoms were selected from different occupational groups and investigated by questionnaire method. Skin irritation test (SPT) and serum specific IgE (sIgE) were used to detect allergy to dust mite allergens. Results The positive rate of SPT and the positive rate of sIgE were 60.0% and 51.1%, respectively. The positive rate of SPT and the positive rate of sIgE were 58.8% and 45.8% respectively in the asthmatic patients who were in close contact with food during work. The positive rate of asthma in workshop workers was 29.4%, sIgE positive rate was 20.6%; the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusions The allergy to dust mites in asthmatics in different occupations may be related to the occupational environment. Labor protection should be strengthened for specific occupational groups.