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在美国政府于 1994年 9月解密的一批外交文件中 ,有一份1938年 1月 17日日本广田外相发给驻美大使馆的电报 ,引起学术界关注。但同时 ,人们在认识上也存在一些误区 :有的将该电文中的观点直接理解为广田的观点 ;有的认为电文中提及的 30万中国平民被日军屠杀即是南京大屠杀死难人数的直接证据。本文考证了上述“广田电报”的来龙去脉 ,认为该电报只是广田外相转发给驻欧美各使馆的一份背景资料 ,其内容为英国《曼彻斯特卫报》记者田伯烈所拟的一篇“特别消息”,因而电文的内容应为田伯烈当时的所见所闻。同时 ,该电文中提及的 30万平民被日军屠杀的时空范围 ,与南京大屠杀并不完全吻合 ,因而不能直接作为南京大屠杀有 30万平民遇难的证明。但是 ,本文肯定“广田电报”对于研究侵华日军暴行以及南京大屠杀 ,仍有十分重要的价值
Among the diplomatic documents declassified by the U.S. government in September 1994, a telegram sent to the embassy in Japan on January 17, 1938 by Japan’s Hirota Foreign Minister attracted the attention of academics. At the same time, there are some misunderstandings on the part of the public: some directly interpret the viewpoints in the telegram as Kwong Tin’s point of view; some believe that the massacre of the 300,000 Chinese civilians mentioned in the telegram by the Japanese army was the death toll of the Nanjing Massacre The direct evidence. This article examines the ins and outs of the “Hirota Telegraph” mentioned above and holds that the telegraph is only a background material forwarded by Hirota and other embassies in Europe and the United States. The content is the “special message” prepared by Tian Bo Lie of the “Manchester Guardian” “Therefore, the content of the message should be what Tian Bo Lie had at the time. At the same time, the scope of the space-time massacre of 300,000 civilians mentioned in the telegram by the Japanese army does not completely coincide with the massacre in Nanjing and can not directly prove the death of 300,000 civilians in the Nanjing Massacre. However, this article affirmed that ”the Hirota Telegraph" is still of great value in the study of the atrocities committed by the Japanese army in Japan and the Nanjing massacre