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目的了解公众对未知新型传染病的感受、态度及应对方式,为公众健康教育提供科学依据。方法 2011年11月本研究利用网络在线问卷对网络公众进行调查,共调查113人,被调查者按照不同专业及文化程度进行分组比较。计数资料采用R×C列联表χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果不同专业调查对象面对新型传染病的感受及对工作生活的影响差异均有统计学意义(χ2=14.213、9.703,均P<0.05)。医学和非医学专业获得信息的渠道均以网络为主,分别为33.33%(28/84)、30.69%(62/202);而面对新型传染病的感受均以恐惧和紧张为主,分别为70.45%(31/44)、49.44%(44/89)。不同文化程度研究对象也均以网络为主来获取信息,分别为27.50%(11/40)、31.79%(55/173)、32.88%(24/73);面对新型传染病的感受均以恐惧和紧张为主,分别为68.75%(11/16)、56.25%(45/80)、51.35%(19/37);调查对象文化程度为本科时,面对流言态度主要为核实及打听(48.51%,49/101)。结论新型传染病会造成公众普遍的心理紧张,但不断提高公众的科学素质对预防新型传染病的社会危害具有重要价值,且公众对政府处理新型传染病持信任和支持态度,有助于政府各项应对措施的开展。
Objective To understand the public perception of new unknown infectious diseases, attitudes and coping styles, to provide a scientific basis for public health education. Methods In November 2011, we surveyed the Internet using the online questionnaire. A total of 113 people were surveyed, and the respondents grouped according to different majors and educational level. Counting data using R × C contingency table χ2 test, P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results There were significant differences in the perception of new infectious diseases and the impact on working life among different professional subjects (χ2 = 14.213, 9.703, all P <0.05). The channels for obtaining medical and non-medical majors are all network-based, with 33.33% (28/84) and 30.69% (62/202) respectively; while those facing new types of infectious diseases are mainly fears and tensions, respectively 70.45% (31/44), 49.44% (44/89). The subjects of different education levels also used the internet as their main source of information, which were 27.50% (11/40), 31.79% (55/173) and 32.88% (24/73), respectively. In the face of new infectious diseases, Fear and stress were mainly 68.75% (11/16), 56.25% (45/80) and 51.35% (19/37), respectively. When the degree of undergraduate education was undergraduate, 48.51%, 49/101). Conclusions New infectious diseases can cause general public psychological stress. However, improving the public’s scientific quality is of great value in preventing the social harm of new infectious diseases. The public’s trust and support for the government in handling new types of infectious diseases help the government Item response to carry out.