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本世纪初,酝酿并领导着俄国革命的列宁,与第二国际“修正主义”者伯恩斯坦等人之间,展开了一场大论战。如何看待当时正在勃兴的股份制,是双方争论的焦点之一。列宁《帝国主义论》把股份制判为私有制的新形式,并视之为垄断资本主义的经济基础,用以批评伯恩斯坦的“股份制中性论”。七八十年过去了,从中国当前实施“股份制社会主义”的实践和理论看,《帝国主义论》完全否定股份制是一大理论失误,相反,伯恩斯坦“股份制中性论”倒含有合理因素。
At the beginning of this century, Lenin brewing and leading the Russian revolution, and the second international “revisionist” Bernstein et al., Launched a grand debate. How to view the stock system that was booming at that time was one of the focal points of debate between the two sides. Lenin’s “theory of imperialism” put the shareholding system as a new form of private ownership and treat it as the economic foundation of monopoly capitalism to criticize Bernstein’s “shareholding neutral theory.” Seventy or eight decades have passed. From the current practice and theory of “joint-stock socialism” in China, it is a theoretical mistake that “imperialism” completely negates the shareholding system. On the contrary, Bernstein’s “shareholding neutral theory” factor.