哮喘是以气道高反应性以及多变的气流受限为特征的复杂气道炎症反应性疾病,全球有超过3亿哮喘患者[1]。在美国的2 200万例哮喘患者中近5%~10%尽管应用了目前指南推荐的治疗方法仍然存在严重持续的哮喘[2],这种哮喘被归类于难治性哮喘。哮喘控制不良仍然是社会和经济的主要负担[3],对患者的生活也造成了不良影响。难治性哮喘与气道壁增厚、黏液分泌增加、血管形成增加以及气道平滑肌细胞肥大有关,且气道壁增厚的气道重 Asthma is a complex airway inflammatory disease characterized by hyperresponsiveness of the airways and variable airflow limitations, with over 300 million asthma patients worldwide [1]. Nearly 5% to 10% of the 22 million asthmatic patients in the United States despite severe and persistent asthma with current guidelines recommend treatment [2], which is classified as refractory to asthma. Poor control of asthma remains a major social and economic burden [3] and has adverse effects on the lives of patients. Refractory asthma with airway wall thickening, increased mucus secretion, increased blood vessel formation and airway smooth muscle cell hypertrophy, and thickening of the airway wall airway weight