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目的研究噪声环境下操作者的脑力负荷(mental workload,MWL)变化规律。方法采用功能性近红外光谱技术(functional near-infrared spectroscopy,fNIRs)、心电、皮肤电和脉搏波多种生理测量手段结合脑力负荷敏感脑区的氧合血红蛋白幅值变化、主观量表评价和脑力负荷评估模型输出来评估噪声刺激下操作者的MWL变化。选用16名参试者完成中性图片N-back任务,分为噪声组和对照组,噪声环境采用(80±3)d B,对照组的外界声源控制为45 d B以下。结果在同一任务负荷状态下,噪声环境中参试者的脑力负荷水平高于对照组,其中噪声组2-back任务诱发的脑力负荷水平等同于对照组3-back任务诱发的脑力负荷水平,但其在3-back任务阶段脑力负荷仅略高于对照组的同等任务阶段。结论参试者在噪声环境下执行同等工作记忆任务时脑力负荷水平可以提高,但任务难度较高时提升幅度降低;利用fNIRs监测大脑前额叶皮层血氧生理参数方法能够有效评估噪声环境下的脑力负荷变化,值得进一步深入研究。
Objective To study the changes of operator mental workload (MWL) under noisy environment. Methods The functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRs), electrocardiogram, skin electricity and pulse wave were used to measure the changes of the amplitude of oxygenated hemoglobin, the subjective assessment and brain function The load assessment model output was used to assess the operator MWL variation under noise stimulus. 16 participants were selected to complete the neutral picture N-back task, which was divided into noise group and control group. The noise environment was (80 ± 3) d B, while the control group’s external sound source was controlled below 45 d B. Results Under the same task load, the mental workload of the participants in noisy environment was higher than that in the control group. The level of mental workload induced by 2-back task in noise group was the same as that of 3-back task in control group Its mental workload in the 3-back task was only slightly higher than that in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: The participants’ mental workload can be improved while performing the same working memory task in noisy environments, but the increase rate is lower when the task difficulty is higher. Using the fNIRs to monitor the prefrontal cortical oxygen physiological parameters can effectively assess the mental performance in noisy environments Load changes, it is worth further study.