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采用静电纺丝法制备了多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs)/尼龙66复合纳米纤维,测定了复合纤维的电学性质与填充物浓度的关系。实验中,首先将纯净的MWNTs原样用95%H2SO4/HNO3混合液(混合比例3∶1)进行处理,将羧基引入MWNTs表面。再将羧基化的MWNTs用亚硫酰二氯和乙二胺溶液处理,使其带上酰胺基,并用傅里叶红外光谱检测MWNTs中的羧基和酰胺基团。尼龙66易溶于甲酸中,因此,将带有酰胺基的MWNTs分散在甲酸中使得到的混合溶液能保持稳定、均衡的状态达40h以上。MWNTs所带的端氨基可以改善其在甲酸中的分散稳定性。MWNTs悬浮在尼龙66的甲酸溶液中,将这三者构成的混合液进行静电纺丝即可得到纳米纤维。对含不同浓度填充物(MWNTs)的复合纤维的电学性质的测试结果表明,纳米纤维毡的导电能力随填充物浓度的增加而增强。
Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) / nylon 66 composite nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning method. The relationship between the electrical properties of the composite fibers and the filler concentration was determined. In the experiment, pure MWNTs were first treated with a mixture of 95% H2SO4 / HNO3 (mixing ratio 3: 1) to introduce carboxyl groups into the surface of the MWNTs. The carboxylated MWNTs were then treated with thionyl chloride and ethylenediamine solution to carry the amide groups and the carboxyl and amide groups in MWNTs were detected by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Nylon 66 is easily soluble in formic acid. Therefore, dispersing the amido-group-bearing MWNTs in formic acid makes the resulting mixed solution stable and equilibrated for more than 40 h. The amino groups carried by MWNTs improve their dispersion stability in formic acid. MWNTs suspended in nylon 66 formic acid solution, the mixture of these three were electrospun to obtain nanofibers. The test results of the electrical properties of composite fibers with different concentration of fillers (MWNTs) show that the conductivity of the nanofiber mat increases with the increase of filler concentration.