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从1849年涅维尔斯科伊入侵黑龙江流域直至1856年奕山出任黑龙江将军,短短的七年间,沙俄就造成了对黑龙江以北地区进行军事占领的既成事实。面对沙俄侵略的不断升级,清政府自1850年才确知沙俄入侵的消息。但是由于清政府缺乏近代外交常识,误信沙俄“假道行兵”的托词,一直默认沙俄的军事行为。虽然自始至终黑、吉两将军不断加强防御,但是缺兵少将的基本事实导致这些防御措施苍白无力。而咸丰帝在深悉沙俄的真正目的之后,并未采取积极的措施对东北防务给予支持,这最终导致大片东北领土的丧失。
From the time Nielskoy invaded the basin of Heilongjiang in 1849 until Yiqingshan became general in Heilongjiang in 1856, in just seven years, Czarist Russia created the fait accompli of military occupation of the area north of Heilongjiang. Faced with the escalating escalation of the tsarist Russia, the Qing government did not know the tsarist invasion since 1850. However, since the Qing government lacked the common sense of modern diplomacy and mistakenly believed that Tsarist Russia was a “fake soldier”, it has always acquiesced in Russia’s military behavior. Although the black and Kyrgyz forces have continuously strengthened their defenses from beginning to end, the basic facts about the lack of generals lead to these defensive measures being pale and weak. However, Emperor Xianfeng did not take any active measures to support the northeast defense after he became acquainted with the real purpose of tsarist Russia, which eventually led to the loss of a large area of northeast China.