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目的了解新疆新源县不同民族恶性肿瘤死亡率及其变化趋势,为该地区恶性肿瘤防治规划提供科学依据。方法收集新源县2007年1月1日—2010年12月1日恶性肿瘤死亡数据,采用国际疾病分类ICD-10进行死因分类,计算新源县不同民族居民期望寿命、死亡率、潜在减寿年数(PYLL)和潜在减寿率(PYLL‰)。结果2007—2010年新源县居民期望寿命为70.8岁,其中哈萨克族、汉族和维吾尔族居民分别为62.1、80.3和69.6岁;去恶性肿瘤后居民期望寿命为74.6岁,其中哈萨克族、汉族和维吾尔族居民分别为65.3、84.3和74.7岁;新源县居民恶性肿瘤粗死亡率和标化死亡率分别为86.7/10万和117.9/10万;其中男性居民的恶性肿瘤粗死亡率和标化死亡率分别为103.5/10万和131.2/10万,分别高于女性的67.6/10万和99.1/10万,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001),哈萨克族、汉族、维吾尔族居民的恶性肿瘤粗死亡率和标化死亡率分别为109.1/10万和130.6/10万、72.9/10万和92.7/10万、75.0/10万和85.4/10万,不同民族居民的恶性肿瘤粗死亡率和标化死亡率间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001);2007—2010年新源县汉族居民恶性肿瘤死亡率呈现总体下降趋势(χ2趋势=87.5,P<0.001);哈萨克族和维吾尔族居民恶性肿瘤死亡率变化不明显(P>0.05);2007—2010年居于新源县居民死亡前5位的恶性肿瘤依次为胃癌、食管癌、肺癌、肝癌和白血病,占全部恶性肿瘤死亡的77.6%;恶性肿瘤造成居民的PYLL和PYLL‰分别为11 922.0人年和10.9‰,其中男性和女性居民的PYLL分别为7 366.5和4 555.5人年,PYLL‰分别为12.6‰和8.9‰,哈萨克族、汉族和维吾尔族居民的PYLL分别为7 063.5、3 154.0和1 132.0人年,PYLL‰分别为15.0‰、7.4‰和10.7‰。结论恶性肿瘤是威胁新源县居民的主要死亡原因之一,男性和哈萨克族居民是恶性肿瘤的高危人群。
Objective To understand the malignant tumor mortality rate and its changing trend in different nationalities in Xinyuan County, Xinjiang, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of malignant tumors in this area. Methods The data of death from malignant tumor in Xinyuan County from January 1, 2007 to December 1, 2010 were collected. The causes of death were classified according to the International Classification of Diseases ICD-10. The life expectancy, mortality and potential life expectancy of residents of different nationalities in Xinyuan County were calculated. Years (PYLL) and Potential Life Lost (PYLL ‰). Results The life expectancy of residents in Xinyuan County from 2007 to 2010 was 70.8 years, of which Kazak, Han and Uighur residents were 62.1, 80.3 and 69.6 years respectively. The expected life expectancy of residents after going to malignant tumors was 74.6 years. Among them, Kazak, Han and Uygur residents were 65.3,84.3 and 74.7 years respectively; the crude mortality rate and standardized mortality rate of malignant tumors of residents in Xinyuan County were 86.7 / 100000 and 117.9 / 100000 respectively; among them, the male death rate of malignant tumor and standardized Mortality rates were 103.5 / 100,000 and 131.2 / 100,000, respectively, higher than those of 67.6 / 100,000 and 99.1 / 100,000 women respectively, with statistical significance (P <0.001). The death rates of Kazakh, Han and Uighur residents The crude and standardized mortality rates of malignant tumors were 109.1 / 100,000 and 130.6 / 100,000 respectively, 72.9 / 100,000 and 92.7 / 100,000, 75.0 / 100,000 and 85.4 / 100,000, respectively. Malignant tumors of various nationalities were roughly fatal (P <0.001). The mortality rate of malignant tumor of Han nationality residents in Xinyuan county from 2007 to 2010 showed an overall downward trend (χ2 trend = 87.5, P <0.001), and the differences between Kazakh and The mortality of malignant tumor in Uighur residents was not significantly changed (P> 0.05); In 2010, the top 5 deaths of residents living in Xinyuan County were gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, lung cancer, liver cancer and leukemia, accounting for 77.6% of all cancer deaths; the PYLL and PYLL rates of residents with malignant tumors were 11 922.0 Year and 10.9 ‰, respectively. Among them, the PYLLs of male and female residents were 7366.5 and 4 555.5 person-years, respectively, PYLL ‰ was 12.6 ‰ and 8.9 ‰ respectively. PYLLs of Kazakh, Han and Uyghur residents were 7 063.5 and 3 154.0, respectively 1 132.0 person-years, PYLL ‰ 15.0 ‰, 7.4 ‰ and 10.7 ‰, respectively. Conclusions Malignant tumors are one of the major causes of death in Xinyuan County. Men and Kazakh residents are at high risk for malignant tumors.