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阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
（一）
Some researchers say that 1 （compare）with non-coffee drinkers， people who drank about three cups of coffee a day appeared 2 （reduce） their risk of getting heart problems or dying from them. The strongest benefits of coffee consumption
3 （see）in reduced risks of liver disease， 4 （include）cancer. 5 Prof Paul Roderick said the review could not say if coffee intake had made the 6 （different）. “Factors such as age， whether people smoked or not and how much exercise they took could all have had an effect. There is
7 balance of risks in life， and the benefits of moderate consumption of coffee seem to outweigh the risks，”he said. The NHS 8 （recommend） pregnant women have no more than 200mg of caffeine a day - two cups of instant coffee — because too much can increase the risk of miscarriage. This review suggests women 9 risk of fractures（骨折）should also cut back on coffee. For other adults， moderate caffeine intake equates to 400mg or less per day — or three to four cups. The researchers say coffee drinkers should stick to“healthy coffees”， 10 avoid extra sugar， milk or cream， or a fatty snack on the side.
（二）
A few years ago， Adina Lichtman was handing out sandwiches on the streets of New York City to help people experiencing homelessness. One man， grateful 1 the sandwich， approached her and offered some 2 （surprise）insight.
“It’s great that you’re giving out sandwiches，”he said， “but one thing we 3 （real） need is socks， especially as winter approaches.”
“Here I was， 4 （sandwich） in hand， assuming I knew the best way 5 （help） people， when in reality， helping is about listening， and hearing the needs of different communities，” Lichtman said. “It was 6 powerful lesson， and I wanted to put it into action.”
She 7 （begin）that night， with a simple step： going door-to-door on the floor of her dormitory at New York University， asking fellow classmates 8 they could each just donate just one pair of 9 （they）own socks to someone experiencing homelessness.
She got 40 pairs of socks in a single night， from a single floor. The next morning she opened her door to find a huge pile of socks that other people 10 （donate）.
答案與解析
（一）本文作者阐述了研究者的发现：每天喝三杯咖啡有益健康。
1. compared 因people与compared是被动关系，用过去分词短语作状语。
2. to reduce因appear to do 意思是“似乎做了某事”。
3. were seen句中benefits和see是被动关系，用过去时的被动语态。
4. including表示“包含”，也可将including看作介词。 5. But该句与上句为转折关系，用but。
6. difference在the后面应接名词，用difference。
7. a因balance是可数名词单数，用a 。
8. recommends 因The NHS（英国国民健康保险体系）为第三人称单数，时态为一般现在时，用recommends。
9. at因at risk of是固定搭配，意思是“有……的危險”。
10. which 引导定语从句，先行词是healthy coffees。
（二）一个叫Adina Lichtman的女生在路上给流浪汉派发三明治。在得到一个流浪汉的提醒后，她意识到流浪汉真正需要的是袜子。她努力收集袜子去捐助给流浪汉并从中学到了一个道理：只有认真聆听，才能了解别人的真正需求。
1. for 由be grateful for sth（对某事物感激）可知，填 for。
2. surprising修饰名词insight，需用形容词；形容事物的性质，表示“令人惊奇的”，故填surprising。
3. really 修饰动词need作状语，用副词，故填really。
4. sandwiches 因作者是去派发三明治，按常识手里不止一个，故用复数。
5. to help 句中已有谓语knew，故help应为非谓语动词；在the way后作定语，用不定式to help。
6. a 意思为“一个”强大的教训，故填a。
7. began 因主语she与谓语动词begin之间是主动关系；且根据前后语境可知事情发生在过去，要用一般过去时，故填began。
8. if/whether 因they could each just... 做asking... 引导的宾语从句，根据句意逻辑关系，应填表示“是否”的if或whether。
9. their 在名词books前作定语，表示“他们的”，用they的形容词性物主代词their。
10. had donated 因主语people与谓语动词donate之间是主动关系；且根据语境“捐助donate”发生在opened之前，故填had donated。
责任编辑 蒋小青
（一）
Some researchers say that 1 （compare）with non-coffee drinkers， people who drank about three cups of coffee a day appeared 2 （reduce） their risk of getting heart problems or dying from them. The strongest benefits of coffee consumption
3 （see）in reduced risks of liver disease， 4 （include）cancer. 5 Prof Paul Roderick said the review could not say if coffee intake had made the 6 （different）. “Factors such as age， whether people smoked or not and how much exercise they took could all have had an effect. There is
7 balance of risks in life， and the benefits of moderate consumption of coffee seem to outweigh the risks，”he said. The NHS 8 （recommend） pregnant women have no more than 200mg of caffeine a day - two cups of instant coffee — because too much can increase the risk of miscarriage. This review suggests women 9 risk of fractures（骨折）should also cut back on coffee. For other adults， moderate caffeine intake equates to 400mg or less per day — or three to four cups. The researchers say coffee drinkers should stick to“healthy coffees”， 10 avoid extra sugar， milk or cream， or a fatty snack on the side.
（二）
A few years ago， Adina Lichtman was handing out sandwiches on the streets of New York City to help people experiencing homelessness. One man， grateful 1 the sandwich， approached her and offered some 2 （surprise）insight.
“It’s great that you’re giving out sandwiches，”he said， “but one thing we 3 （real） need is socks， especially as winter approaches.”
“Here I was， 4 （sandwich） in hand， assuming I knew the best way 5 （help） people， when in reality， helping is about listening， and hearing the needs of different communities，” Lichtman said. “It was 6 powerful lesson， and I wanted to put it into action.”
She 7 （begin）that night， with a simple step： going door-to-door on the floor of her dormitory at New York University， asking fellow classmates 8 they could each just donate just one pair of 9 （they）own socks to someone experiencing homelessness.
She got 40 pairs of socks in a single night， from a single floor. The next morning she opened her door to find a huge pile of socks that other people 10 （donate）.
答案與解析
（一）本文作者阐述了研究者的发现：每天喝三杯咖啡有益健康。
1. compared 因people与compared是被动关系，用过去分词短语作状语。
2. to reduce因appear to do 意思是“似乎做了某事”。
3. were seen句中benefits和see是被动关系，用过去时的被动语态。
4. including表示“包含”，也可将including看作介词。 5. But该句与上句为转折关系，用but。
6. difference在the后面应接名词，用difference。
7. a因balance是可数名词单数，用a 。
8. recommends 因The NHS（英国国民健康保险体系）为第三人称单数，时态为一般现在时，用recommends。
9. at因at risk of是固定搭配，意思是“有……的危險”。
10. which 引导定语从句，先行词是healthy coffees。
（二）一个叫Adina Lichtman的女生在路上给流浪汉派发三明治。在得到一个流浪汉的提醒后，她意识到流浪汉真正需要的是袜子。她努力收集袜子去捐助给流浪汉并从中学到了一个道理：只有认真聆听，才能了解别人的真正需求。
1. for 由be grateful for sth（对某事物感激）可知，填 for。
2. surprising修饰名词insight，需用形容词；形容事物的性质，表示“令人惊奇的”，故填surprising。
3. really 修饰动词need作状语，用副词，故填really。
4. sandwiches 因作者是去派发三明治，按常识手里不止一个，故用复数。
5. to help 句中已有谓语knew，故help应为非谓语动词；在the way后作定语，用不定式to help。
6. a 意思为“一个”强大的教训，故填a。
7. began 因主语she与谓语动词begin之间是主动关系；且根据前后语境可知事情发生在过去，要用一般过去时，故填began。
8. if/whether 因they could each just... 做asking... 引导的宾语从句，根据句意逻辑关系，应填表示“是否”的if或whether。
9. their 在名词books前作定语，表示“他们的”，用they的形容词性物主代词their。
10. had donated 因主语people与谓语动词donate之间是主动关系；且根据语境“捐助donate”发生在opened之前，故填had donated。
责任编辑 蒋小青