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十月革命前 ,列宁着重强调俄国的“帝国主义”特征 ,并义无反顾地领导了俄国人民争取实现社会主义的斗争。十月革命后特别是“战时共产主义”政策失败后 ,列宁则更多地认识到了俄国的“半亚细亚国家”的国情 ,认为正是这一国情制约了俄国向社会主义的过渡。列宁更进一步指出 ,俄国正处于相当长的向社会主义过渡的历史时期 ,作为一个特殊的过渡时期 ,其基本任务就是要解决别的国家在资本主义条件下实现的高度的工业化、现代化的任务。对俄国国情的新认识 ,是列宁晚年探索俄国社会主义建设道路的基本依据。
Prior to the October Revolution, Lenin paid special attention to the “imperialist” characteristics of Russia and led without hesitation the Russian people’s struggle for the realization of socialism. After the October Revolution, especially after the failure of “wartime communism” policy, Lenin realized more and more the national conditions of the “Asian countries of Russia” and believed that it was precisely this national condition that has restricted Russia’s transition to socialism. Lenin further pointed out that Russia is in a historical period of considerable transition to socialism. As a special transitional period, its basic task is to solve the highly industrialized and modern tasks that other countries have achieved under capitalism. New understanding of the national conditions in Russia is the basic basis for Lenin’s exploration of the road to socialist construction in Russia in his later years.