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过去卫生保健部门常用平均寿命、患病率、死亡率等作为估价人类健康状况的指标,严格来说是不够全面的。例如部分老年人生活能力丧失,虽能继续活下去,但不能叫健康长寿。有人统计,老年人死前3—5年,其中部分老人全部或部分日常生活不能自理,需要他人照顾,既增加家庭和社会负担,个人也很痛苦。“平均寿命”指标不能反映这一情况。因此,1960年以后,有人提出用“日常生活质量”作为评估老年健康状况的标志;1970年以来,又以“活动能力”为标准
In the past, the average life expectancy, morbidity and mortality rates commonly used in the health care sector as indicators of the evaluation of human health were not strictly comprehensive enough. For example, the loss of living ability of some elderly people can continue to live, but it can not be called “health and longevity.” According to some statistics, some elderly people can not take care of all or part of their daily life in their 3-5 years before their death and need other people’s care. This not only increases the burden on the family and society, but also is painful for individuals. “Life expectancy ” indicator does not reflect this situation. Therefore, after 1960, it was suggested that the “quality of daily life” be used as a sign of assessing the health status of the elderly. Since 1970, “living ability” has been the standard