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冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病危险因素、血管造影下冠状动脉病变特征、支架置入操作技术参数是影响冠状动脉病变支架置入后再狭窄的主要危险因子。这些危险因子在不同的组合条件下可对支架置入后再狭窄产生不同的影响。目前研究结果较一致的可增加支架置入后再狭窄危险的因素为:冠状动脉病变长度、病变血管直径<3mm、开口病变、支架总长度以及置入支架的个数。同样研究结果较一致的是:药物洗脱支架(紫杉醇药物洗脱支架和雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架)与裸金属支架相比,明显降低了发生支架置入后再狭窄的危险;而这2种药物洗脱支架之间相比,雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架在降低支架置入后再狭窄风险方面似乎优于紫杉醇药物洗脱支架。而其他的一些危险因素,如年龄、性别、吸烟、高血压等目前的研究结果并不一致。
The risk factors of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, the characteristics of coronary lesions under angiography, and the technical parameters of stenting are the main risk factors affecting the restenosis after coronary stent implantation. These risk factors can have different effects on restenosis after stent placement under different combination conditions. The current study results are more consistent with the factors that can increase the risk of restenosis after stent implantation: the length of coronary artery lesion, the diameter of the lesion vessel <3mm, the opening lesions, the total length of the stent and the number of stent placement. Similarly, the results of the study also show that drug-eluting stents (paclitaxel-eluting and rapamycin-eluting stents) significantly reduce the risk of restenosis after stenting compared with bare-metal stents; and that Rapamycin-eluting stents appear to be superior to paclitaxel-eluting stents in reducing the risk of restenosis after stent placement compared to the two drug-eluting stents. Other current risk factors, such as age, gender, smoking, high blood pressure and other current findings are inconsistent.