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从部门哲学自身的理论特性及当前学术界研究现状来看,部门哲学研究存在的主要问题突出表现为部门性与整体性的矛盾、学术性与现实性的失衡。部门性与整体性的矛盾源于部门哲学自身研究对象的微观性与领域性,主要可以从两个方面来理解:一是从部门哲学对整体社会生活的理解与把握来看,它表现出“片面的深刻性”;二是就部门哲学对马克思主义哲学本身的理解和研究而言,它又存在着“碎片化的解读”的倾向。学术性与现实性的失衡则与中国哲学研究的大环境密不可分,主要表现为学术性与现实性的分裂,即难以实现学术维度与现实维度的有机统一。这种失衡在不同时期以不同的形式表现出来。就当前阶段的中国哲学研究来说,主要表现为学术性突出,现实性不足。部门性与整体性的矛盾、学术性与现实性的失衡,制约着中国部门哲学研究走向深化。积极探索解决这两大问题的方法,不仅有助于部门哲学的发展,更有助于整个中国哲学的发展。在这方面,马克思本人的处理方式及西方马克思主义的做法或许可以给我们一些重要启示。
According to the theoretical characteristics of departmental philosophy and the current research status of academic circles, the main problems in departmental philosophy research are highlighted as the imbalance between sectorality and holism, and the imbalance between academicity and reality. The contradiction between departmentality and integrity stems from the microcosmic and domain nature of the subject of the departmental philosophy. It can be mainly understood from two aspects: First, from the understanding and grasp of the departmental philosophy on the overall social life, it shows that “One-sided profoundness”; secondly, there is a tendency of “fragmentary interpretation” of departmental philosophy in terms of understanding and studying Marxist philosophy itself. The imbalance between scholarliness and reality is inseparable from the great environment of Chinese philosophical research. It mainly shows the division between academic and reality, that is, it is difficult to realize the organic unity of the academic dimension and the realistic dimension. This imbalance manifests itself in different forms in different periods. As far as the Chinese philosophical studies at the current stage are concerned, they are mainly characterized by academic salience and lack of practicality. The contradiction between the sectoral and the holistic, the imbalance between the academic and the reality restricts the deepening of the philosophical research in China. To actively explore ways to solve these two major issues not only contributes to the development of departmental philosophy but also helps the development of the entire Chinese philosophy. In this regard, Marx’s own approach and Western Marxist approach may give us some important inspiration.