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本文考察作为科学和技术专家这种角色所固有的政治和道德上两难的问题。当技术共同体的成员为政府机构提供关于科学技术政策或者科学技术知识应用方面的建议时,这种两难问题特别明显。虽然大多数科学家不是专门建议的提供者,但是所有科学家都被看作是对科学技术知识的发展方向以及对他们自己科学发现的影响负有一定责任的。门外汉也越来越在这个领域中僭取角色和责任。一些人模棱两可甚至抱有敌意,反对科学技术的人不仅来自比较浅薄的门外汉,而且来自学者和知识分子。
This article examines the political and moral dilemmas inherent in the role of science and technology specialists. This dilemma is particularly evident when members of the technical community provide government agencies with advice on the application of science and technology policies or scientific and technological knowledge. Although most scientists are not specifically sponsored providers, all scientists are seen as having a responsibility for the direction of scientific and technological knowledge and for their own scientific discoveries. Outsiders also increasingly take roles and responsibilities in this area. Some are ambiguous or even hostile. The people who oppose science and technology come not only from the more primitive laymen but also from academics and intellectuals.