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底部结构是地下矿山规模开采的重要工程结构和爆破补偿空间。在碎裂矿段的地下采矿过程中,对底部空间的块体结构和三维岩石楔体开展稳定性分析是采矿成功的关键。楔体的稳定性主要由地质因素(包括底部结构与楔体的工程尺寸、形状和空间位置)、产生楔体结构的不连续面的剪切强度和抗拉强度以及岩体应力分布控制。应用Unwedge软件,设计横断面夹角、底部结构走向和倾角3因素、5水平的正交试验,获得底部结构的优化设计参数。研究结果表明:地下空间的安全系数为1.2,底部结构的参数优化由爆破块度、水流方向和设备爬坡能力决定;楔体的稳定性根据块体形状和连续冒落进行分析;优化参数为断面夹角27°、走向315°~325°、倾角5°,满足底部结构空间块体安全稳定性要求,是合理优化的设计参数。
The bottom structure is an important engineering structure and blasting compensation space for the scale mining of underground mines. In underground mining of fragmented ore blocks, the analysis of the stability of the block structures and 3D rock wedges in the bottom space is the key to the success of mining. The stability of the wedges is mainly controlled by the geological factors (including the size, shape and spatial location of the bottom structure and wedges), the shear strength and tensile strength of the discontinuous surfaces that produce the wedge structure, and the stress distribution of the rock mass. Unwedge software was used to design the optimum design parameters of the bottom structure by designing the orthogonal test of the cross-section angle, the direction of the bottom structure and the inclination of 3 factors and 5 levels. The results show that the safety factor of underground space is 1.2, the optimization of bottom structure parameters is determined by the block height, water flow direction and equipment climbing ability. The stability of wedge body is analyzed according to block shape and continuous falling. The optimization parameters are Section angle of 27 °, the direction of 315 ° ~ 325 °, dip angle of 5 °, to meet the safety and stability requirements of the bottom of the structural space block is a reasonable optimization of the design parameters.