论文部分内容阅读
【目的】了解浙江省0～4岁视力、智力、听力、言语、精神、肢体及多重残疾的流行特征。【方法】依据《中国残疾人实用评定标准》利用多阶段分层整群概率比例抽样方法抽取浙江省0～14岁儿童15 787,采用三阶段筛查程序进行调查。由专业医生进行残疾相关问题询问、诊断和残疾等级评定。【结果】总检出率为10.95‰,其中智力残疾检出率最高,为4.37‰,其次为多重残疾3.55‰、精神残疾1.20‰、肢体残疾1.08‰、言语残疾0.95‰、视力残疾0.44‰、听力残疾0.38‰。男性残疾检出率高于女性,农村高于城市,差异具有统计学意义(χ2=5.86,5.97,P均<0.05)。各年龄段残疾检出率比较,差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.04,P>0.05)。多重及听力残疾以重度以上为主,其他残疾以中轻度为主。遗传、发育异常是致残的主要原因。【结论】浙江省0～14岁残疾检出率低于全国平均水平,针对致残因素,预防和降低儿童残疾的发生。
【Objective】 To understand the prevalence of visual acuity, intelligence, hearing, speech, spirit, limbs and multiple disability in 0 ~ 4 years old in Zhejiang Province. 【Method】 A total of 15 787 children aged 0-14 years in Zhejiang Province were selected according to “Practical Assessment Standards for Persons with Handicapped in China” using the multi-stage stratified cluster probabilistic proportional sampling method. The three-stage screening procedure was used to investigate. Ask, diagnose and disability-related questions by professional physicians. 【Results】 The total detection rate was 10.95 ‰. The detection rate of mental retardation was 4.37 ‰, followed by multiple disability 3.55 ‰, mental disability 1.20 ‰, limb disability 1.08 ‰, speech disability 0.95 ‰, vision disability 0.44 ‰, Hearing impairment 0.38 ‰. The detection rate of males’ disability was higher than that of females and rural areas were higher than that of cities. The difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 5.86,5.97, P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the disability detection rate among all age groups (χ2 = 1.04, P> 0.05). Multiple and hearing disabilities are more severe than those with other disabilities mainly in moderation. Heredity, developmental abnormalities are the main cause of disability. 【Conclusion】 The detection rate of disability in 0 ~ 14 years old in Zhejiang Province is lower than the national average level, so as to prevent and reduce the occurrence of disability in children.