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从免疫学角度来看,胎儿对于母体可以看作是具有由父亲来的1/2遗传因子的同种移植物。在妊娠过程中,胎儿与母体之间存在着复杂而特殊的免疫学关系,这种关系使作为异物的胎儿不被排斥,对维持胎儿在母体中的正常发育有着重要作用。由于研究这种关系有助于对生殖生理的认识和对一些病理妊娠的了解,对产科临床有重要作用,故越来越为人们所重视。这方面的文献很多,现仅简要介绍其中的一些问题。一、胎儿的抗原性早在1924年,Little主张:胚胎无明显的生理学特征,在个体发生之前,对母体来说还不能作为
From an immunological point of view, the fetus can be considered as a mother with a homograft with a 1/2 genetic factor from the father. During pregnancy, there is a complex and special immunological relationship between the fetus and the mother. This relationship makes the fetus as a foreign body not be excluded, and plays an important role in maintaining the normal development of the fetus in the mother. As the study of this relationship contributes to the understanding of reproductive physiology and understanding of some pathological pregnancies, it plays an important role in obstetrics and gynecology, so people pay more and more attention. There is a lot of literature in this area, and only a few of them are briefly described. First, the antigenicity of the fetus As early as 1924, Little argued: embryos without obvious physiological characteristics, before the occurrence of the individual, the mother can not be used as