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系统研究了双光束焊接过程中能量比对焊缝成形以及能量利用率的影响,采用高速摄像技术实时观察了不同能量比下的熔池行为,分析了能量比对双光束焊接特性的影响机制。结果表明,随着能量比增大,双光束焊缝熔深先减小后增大,熔宽变化规律与之相反,并在能量比为50/50时获得最小熔深和最大熔宽。不同能量比下能量利用率差别较大,能量比为20/80和50/50时分别获得最大值32.7%和最小值27.8%。熔池尺寸同样受能量比的影响,随着能量比增大,熔池长度先增大后减小,而宽度一直减小。能量比对双光束焊接特性的影响主要归因于焊接过程中匙孔状态以及熔池流动方式的改变。
The effect of energy ratio on the formation of weld and the energy efficiency during double beam welding was systematically studied. The molten pool behavior under different energy ratios was observed in real time by high-speed camera technology. The influence of energy ratio on the welding characteristics of dual-beam was analyzed. The results show that with the increase of energy ratio, the penetration depth of the double beam decreases first and then increases, and the variation of the melting width is opposite, and the minimum penetration and the maximum melting width are obtained when the energy ratio is 50/50. The energy utilization rates under different energy ratios vary greatly, with the maximum and minimum values of 32.7% and 27.8% respectively at 20/80 and 50/50 energy ratios. The size of the weld pool is also affected by the energy ratio. As the energy ratio increases, the weld pool length first increases and then decreases, while the width decreases. The effect of energy ratio on the dual-beam welding characteristics is mainly due to the change of the keyhole status and the bath flow pattern during the welding process.