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断层位移测量包括一等基线、一等水准和短程测距等观测手段,实行定点的、周期性的重复观测。建立在静态基础上的经典大地测量,其观测误差ξ服从正态分布,观测值X=+ξ也服从正态分布。建立在动态基础上的大地形变测量,观测值中除误差外,还包含多种因变量,因此我们不能主观地判断观测值仍服从正态分布。本文采用北京地区断层位移测量的观测资料,从统计的角度出发,对断层位移测量观测值的分布规律进行探讨。
Fault displacement measurements include first-class baseline, first-class and short range measurements and other observations, the implementation of fixed-point, periodic repeated observations. Based on the static basis of the classic geodesy, the observation error ξ obeys the normal distribution and the observation value X = + ξ also obeys the normal distribution. Based on the dynamic measurement of geodetic deformation, the observations contain many dependent variables in addition to the errors, so we can not subjectively judge that the observed values are still subject to the normal distribution. In this paper, the observation data of fault displacement measurement in Beijing area are used to discuss the distribution rule of the observed value of fault displacement measurement from the statistical point of view.