目的比较胎儿纤维连接蛋白(fFN)测定联合经阴道超声测量宫颈长度与单纯测量宫颈长度对预测早产的敏感性和特异性。方法对有先兆早产症状的109例孕妇随机分为两组,宫颈组仅经阴道超声测量宫颈长度,联合组行阴道超声测量宫颈长度的同时做阴道后穹隆分泌物fFN测定。比较两组对预测早产的敏感性和特异性,进行统计学处理。结果宫颈组49例中经阴道超声测量宫颈长度≤26 mm的孕妇有37例,早产16例,阳性预测值43.2%,敏感性32.7%,阴性预测值56.8%,特异性36.4%。联合组中行阴道超声测量宫颈长度≤26 mm的同时做阴道后穹隆分泌物fFN测定(+)的有56例,早产51例,阳性预测值91.1%,敏感性85%,阴性预测值8.9%,特异性44.4%。比较两组阳性预测值、敏感性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),比较两组特异性,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论经阴道超声测量宫颈长度联合阴道后穹隆分泌物fFN测定对于预测早产的敏感性高于单纯宫颈长度测量。 Objective To compare the sensitivity and specificity of fetal fibronectin (fFN) measurement with transvaginal ultrasound in measuring the length of the cervix and measuring the length of the cervix in predicting preterm delivery. Methods 109 pregnant women with symptoms of threatened preterm birth were randomly divided into two groups. The cervical length was measured only by transvaginal sonography. The combined group was measured by vaginal ultrasound to measure the length of the cervix while making vaginal posterior fornix secretion fFN. The sensitivity and specificity of predicting preterm birth in the two groups were compared and statistically analyzed. Results In 49 cases of cervical group, 37 cases were diagnosed by transvaginal ultrasonography. There were 16 preterm births, with a positive predictive value of 43.2%, a sensitivity of 32.7%, a negative predictive value of 56.8% and a specificity of 36.4%. In the combined group, vaginal ultrasound was used to measure the fFN (+) vaginal vault secretion in 56 cases (51 cases), the positive predictive value was 91.1%, the sensitivity was 85%, the negative predictive value was 8.9% Specificity 44.4%. Comparing the positive predictive value of the two groups, the sensitivity and the difference were statistically significant (P <0.01). There was no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05). Conclusions Transvaginal ultrasonography to measure the length of the cervix combined with vaginal vault secretions fFN determination of sensitivity for the prediction of premature labor was higher than the measurement of cervical length alone.