油田开发中后期 ,含水上升是一个普遍存在的问题。控水和水处理费用通常缩短一口井的经济开采期限。研制的聚合物凝胶可以降低地层的水相渗透率 ,从而达到堵水的目的 ,这种措施是利用聚合物与交联剂反应 ,生成一种能改善渗透率的半固态聚合物凝胶类物质。许多文献已经报道过聚合物凝胶成功运用的例子 ,但是由于缺乏对渗透率不成比例下降机理的理解 ,堵水成功率一直较低。假定的堵水机理提出 :润滑效应、油水不同的流态、分离通道及凝胶的收缩与膨胀四方面内容。分别在容器实体、单孔通道、多孔隙玻璃微观模型中作流动实验以探讨油水通过聚合物凝胶时的机理 ,所用的胶凝剂是聚丙烯酰胺与醋酸铬的交联产物。不同测试条件下 ,凝胶对水和油的渗透率是流速的函数 In the middle and later stages of oilfield development, the rising of water content is a common problem. Controlling water and water treatment costs usually shortens the economic life of a well. Developed polymer gel can reduce the permeability of the formation of the water phase, so as to achieve the purpose of blocking water, this measure is the use of polymer and crosslinking agent to produce a permeability can improve the semi-solid polymer gel substance. Many literatures have reported examples of the successful use of polymer gels, but the success rate of water shut-off has been low due to the lack of understanding of the mechanism of a disproportionate decrease in permeability. Assumed water shut-off mechanism proposed: lubrication effect, oil and water flow patterns, separation channels and gel contraction and expansion of four aspects. Flow experiments were carried out in the container body, single-hole channel and porous glass microcosm respectively to investigate the mechanism of oil-water passing through the polymer gel. The gelling agent used was the cross-linked product of polyacrylamide and chromium acetate. The permeability of the gel to water and oil under different test conditions is a function of the flow rate