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已有研究往往将在香港的内地移民看作一个同质性的群体他们相对香港本地出生的居民在收入上的差距归因于移民难以适应劳动力市场。由于没有对内地移民群体进行细分。上述思路不能区分出教育获得地和出生地的影响。本研究使用2011年的“香港社会动态追踪调查”数据,区分了香港本地出生的居民、在香港获得最高教育程度的内地移民和在内地获得最高教育程度的内地移民。研究发现,控制了其他因素后,在香港获得最高教育程度的内地移民和香港本地出生的居民在收入上没有差异。在内地获得最高教育程度的内地移民的收入低于在香港获得最高教育程度的内地移民,且这个差足巨是由两个内地移民群体在受教育水平上的差异造成的。相比香港高中教育,内地高中教育在香港的回报更低。
It has been studied that the study of immigrants in Hong Kong often regards them as a homogeneous group. The difference in their incomes relative to Hong Kong’s locally-born residents is attributed to the difficulty of immigrants in adapting to the labor market. There is no breakdown of the immigrant groups in the Mainland. The above thinking can not distinguish between the impact of education and birthplace. This study uses the 2011 Hong Kong Social Tracking Survey data to distinguish between locally-born residents in Hong Kong, mainland migrants with the highest level of education in Hong Kong and mainland migrants with the highest levels of education in the Mainland. The study found that after controlling for other factors, there is no difference in income between mainland migrants who have obtained the highest level of education in Hong Kong and those born in Hong Kong. Mainland migrants with the highest level of education in the Mainland have a lower income than Mainland migrants with the highest levels of education in Hong Kong. This disparity is caused by differences in the level of education among the two immigrant groups in the Mainland. Compared to Hong Kong’s high school education, the return of high school education in the Mainland is even lower in Hong Kong.