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一、考题回顾
在2009年全国18套高考英语试卷中,共有13道题考查了短语动词的用法,但有趣的是在13题中竟有5题考查的是“动词 up”构成的短语动词,它们是:
1. — Sorry,I have tonow. It’s time for class.
— OK,I’ll call back later. (2009年天津卷)
A. hang up?摇
B. break up
C. give up
D. hold up
2. — I’ m surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have .
—So am I. They seemed very happy together when I last saw them. (2009年江苏卷)
A. broken up
B. finished up
C. divided up
D. closed up
3. A notice wasin order to remind the students of the changed lecture time. (2009年陕西卷)
A. sent upB. given up
C. set up D. put up
4. Practising Chinese Kung Fu cannot onlyone’s strength,but also develop one’s character. (2009年浙江卷)
A. bring up?摇 B. take up
C. build up?摇 D. pull up
5. We tried to find a table for seven,but they were all . (2009年安徽卷)
A. given away?摇 B. kept away?摇 C. taken up?摇 D. used up
以上各题答案分别为:AADCC。
二、考点归纳
高考英语短语动词考点有个显著的特点,就是它主要涉及由do,go,get,set,put,have,give,call,take,turn,come,make,keep,bring,look,die,save,pick,work,watch,blow,burst等常用“短”动词所构成的短语动词,而主要涉及的副词则有in,on,about,out,away,up,down等,但考查最多的通常是“动词 up”构成的短语动词。下面我们为同学们归纳一些常用的搭配,供同学们复习时参考。
1. break up 解散,驱散;(学校等)放假;结束;破裂;击碎;绝交
The police broke up the crowd (the meeting). 警察驱散了人群(集会)。
When do you break up for Christmas? 你们什么时候放圣诞节假?
The weather shows signs of breaking up. 好天气看样子要过去了。
Their marriage is breaking up. 他们的婚姻濒临破裂。
The ship broke up on the rocks. 船触礁撞毁了。
She’s just broken up with her boyfriend. 她刚与男朋友绝交。
2. bring up提出,提起;抚养,培养;呕吐
In the course of study they brought up many questions. 在学习过程中他们提出了许多问题。
She brought up five children. 她抚养了五个孩子。
He was so ill that he brought up everything. 他病得很重,什么都吐了出来。
3. call up(给……)打电话;想起,回忆起;应召入伍
All right,I’ll call up again. 好吧,我回头再打电话。
Your letter calls up the days when we worked together. 你的来信使我想起了我们在一起工作的日子。
He was called up right at the beginning of the war. 他在战争一开始就被应征入伍。
4. cut up 切碎;强行超车
At this stage,your child will need someone to cut up her food for her. 这个阶段的孩子需要有人帮她把食物切碎。
Did you see the way he cut me up there? 你看见他在那儿强行超过我的样子吗?
5. fix up决定,安排;清理;修理;整理
Let’s fix up a time for the party. 我们给聚会订个时间吧。
We haven’t fixed up the date of her visit yet. 她访问的日期我们还没有作出决定。
I’m going to fix up the house before my mother-in-law arrives. 我想在岳母来之前把房子装修一下。
6. get up起床,起身;打扮;举办
The class got up when the teacher came in. 老师进来时,全班学生都站了起来。
She got herself up as a peasant girl. 她打扮成农家姑娘。
We are getting up a party for her birthday. 我们要给她开个生日派对。
7. give up放弃,戒掉;交出,让出;投降,认输
The doctor told me to give up smoking. 医生叫我戒烟。
He gave up his seat to an old woman. 他把座位让给了一位老大娘。
I give up; tell me what the answer is. 我认输,告诉我答案吧。
8. hold up 不挂断电话;举起,抬起,拿起,支撑起来;推迟,使(耽搁);(试图)抢劫
Hold up your hands if you have any question. 如有问题请举手。
Don’t worry. The house will hold up. 别担心,房子不会倒下来。
Thick fog held the London express up for three hours. 一场浓雾使得伦敦的快车晚点三个小时。
They held up the owner and robbed him of everything. 他们劫持了货主,并抢走了他所有的东西。
9. look up 仰视;好转;查寻;探望
Look up this word in the dictionary. 这个词查查词典吧。
I want to look up an old friend. 我想去探望一位老朋友。
Things are looking up. 情况在好转。
另外注意look up to(尊敬)。如:
He is a good teacher. We’ve always looked up to him. 他是位好老师,我们一向敬重他。
10. make up构成,组成;编写,编辑;编造;和解;弥补;化妆;凑足;准备好
Farmers make up only 30% of the total population of the country. 这个国家的农业人口仅占30%。
One of our students made up the school song. 我们的一个学生创作了这首校歌。
It’s not true. He made it up. 那不是真的,是他捏造的。
At last they’ve made up after their quarrel. 他们争吵后终于和好了。
We should let him make up for his mistakes. 我们应该让他将功补过。
She makes herself up in the morning. 她早上化妆。
We can’t make up the money. 我们凑不足钱。
Bring the sheets and make up the bed. 拿床单来把床铺好。
11. pick up捡起;收拾,整理;学会,获得;(用车)来接,去取;改善;继续;感染(疾病等)
She picked up a wallet in the street. 她在街上捡到一个钱包。
Pick up all your toys when you’ve finished playing. 玩完后把所有玩具都收起来。
Where did you pick up your excellent English? 你在哪儿学到那么好的英语?
I’m going to pick up my coat from the cleaner’s. 我正要去洗衣店取我的外套。
Business is picking up again. 生意又有所好转。
We’ll pick up where we finished yesterday. 我们从昨天停止的地方继续进行。
How did you pick up such bad habit? 你是怎样染上这些恶习的?
12. put up举起,架起,撑起;盖起,修建;张贴,挂;住宿,留宿
Put up your hand if you have any questions. 有问题请举手。
She put up her umbrella and walked out. 她撑起伞走了出去。
They are putting up several new houses on our street. 他们要在我们这条街上建几幢新房子。
We’d better put up a notice about it. 关于这事我们最好出一个通知。
We put up at a small hotel just on the edge of the town. 我们就在镇口上一家小旅馆住下了。
13. set up 创办,成立,建立;竖立,架起;组织,计划,安排;创下(纪录);开业,开始经商;安装
With Mr Ade taking the lead,they decided to set up a trading company. 以艾德先生为首,他们决定成立一个贸易公司。
A working party has been set up to look into the problem. 已成立工作组调查该问题。
Police set up road-blocks on routes leading out of the city. 警方在通往城外的路上设置了路障。
I’ll set up a meeting for Thursday. 我星期四要组织召开一次会议。
He set up a new record for the 1000 metres. 他创下了1000米赛跑的新纪录。
She has set up in business as a bookseller. 她已创业成为书商。
Will you be able to set up my PC? 你能帮忙安装我的计算机系统吗?
14. take up 占去;占据;以……作为爱好;继续;从事;提出(商讨)
For a long time I had wanted to take up writing. 很久以来我一直想从事写作。
This chapter takes up where the last one left off. 本章接续上一章谈到的内容。
The work took up all of Sunday. 这活儿占去了整个星期天。
The bus stopped to take up passengers. 公共汽车停下来让乘客上车。
There’s another matter which we ought to take up. 还有一件事我们要提出来商量。
15. turn up将音量调大;找到;发现;出现
Can you turn the volume up a bit? 你能把音量开大一点吗?
She failed to turn up for work on Monday. 她星期一没来上班。
The documents finally turned up in an office along the corridor. 那些文件最终在走廊那边的一间办公室里找到了。
(编辑 陈根花)
在2009年全国18套高考英语试卷中,共有13道题考查了短语动词的用法,但有趣的是在13题中竟有5题考查的是“动词 up”构成的短语动词,它们是:
1. — Sorry,I have tonow. It’s time for class.
— OK,I’ll call back later. (2009年天津卷)
A. hang up?摇
B. break up
C. give up
D. hold up
2. — I’ m surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have .
—So am I. They seemed very happy together when I last saw them. (2009年江苏卷)
A. broken up
B. finished up
C. divided up
D. closed up
3. A notice wasin order to remind the students of the changed lecture time. (2009年陕西卷)
A. sent upB. given up
C. set up D. put up
4. Practising Chinese Kung Fu cannot onlyone’s strength,but also develop one’s character. (2009年浙江卷)
A. bring up?摇 B. take up
C. build up?摇 D. pull up
5. We tried to find a table for seven,but they were all . (2009年安徽卷)
A. given away?摇 B. kept away?摇 C. taken up?摇 D. used up
以上各题答案分别为:AADCC。
二、考点归纳
高考英语短语动词考点有个显著的特点,就是它主要涉及由do,go,get,set,put,have,give,call,take,turn,come,make,keep,bring,look,die,save,pick,work,watch,blow,burst等常用“短”动词所构成的短语动词,而主要涉及的副词则有in,on,about,out,away,up,down等,但考查最多的通常是“动词 up”构成的短语动词。下面我们为同学们归纳一些常用的搭配,供同学们复习时参考。
1. break up 解散,驱散;(学校等)放假;结束;破裂;击碎;绝交
The police broke up the crowd (the meeting). 警察驱散了人群(集会)。
When do you break up for Christmas? 你们什么时候放圣诞节假?
The weather shows signs of breaking up. 好天气看样子要过去了。
Their marriage is breaking up. 他们的婚姻濒临破裂。
The ship broke up on the rocks. 船触礁撞毁了。
She’s just broken up with her boyfriend. 她刚与男朋友绝交。
2. bring up提出,提起;抚养,培养;呕吐
In the course of study they brought up many questions. 在学习过程中他们提出了许多问题。
She brought up five children. 她抚养了五个孩子。
He was so ill that he brought up everything. 他病得很重,什么都吐了出来。
3. call up(给……)打电话;想起,回忆起;应召入伍
All right,I’ll call up again. 好吧,我回头再打电话。
Your letter calls up the days when we worked together. 你的来信使我想起了我们在一起工作的日子。
He was called up right at the beginning of the war. 他在战争一开始就被应征入伍。
4. cut up 切碎;强行超车
At this stage,your child will need someone to cut up her food for her. 这个阶段的孩子需要有人帮她把食物切碎。
Did you see the way he cut me up there? 你看见他在那儿强行超过我的样子吗?
5. fix up决定,安排;清理;修理;整理
Let’s fix up a time for the party. 我们给聚会订个时间吧。
We haven’t fixed up the date of her visit yet. 她访问的日期我们还没有作出决定。
I’m going to fix up the house before my mother-in-law arrives. 我想在岳母来之前把房子装修一下。
6. get up起床,起身;打扮;举办
The class got up when the teacher came in. 老师进来时,全班学生都站了起来。
She got herself up as a peasant girl. 她打扮成农家姑娘。
We are getting up a party for her birthday. 我们要给她开个生日派对。
7. give up放弃,戒掉;交出,让出;投降,认输
The doctor told me to give up smoking. 医生叫我戒烟。
He gave up his seat to an old woman. 他把座位让给了一位老大娘。
I give up; tell me what the answer is. 我认输,告诉我答案吧。
8. hold up 不挂断电话;举起,抬起,拿起,支撑起来;推迟,使(耽搁);(试图)抢劫
Hold up your hands if you have any question. 如有问题请举手。
Don’t worry. The house will hold up. 别担心,房子不会倒下来。
Thick fog held the London express up for three hours. 一场浓雾使得伦敦的快车晚点三个小时。
They held up the owner and robbed him of everything. 他们劫持了货主,并抢走了他所有的东西。
9. look up 仰视;好转;查寻;探望
Look up this word in the dictionary. 这个词查查词典吧。
I want to look up an old friend. 我想去探望一位老朋友。
Things are looking up. 情况在好转。
另外注意look up to(尊敬)。如:
He is a good teacher. We’ve always looked up to him. 他是位好老师,我们一向敬重他。
10. make up构成,组成;编写,编辑;编造;和解;弥补;化妆;凑足;准备好
Farmers make up only 30% of the total population of the country. 这个国家的农业人口仅占30%。
One of our students made up the school song. 我们的一个学生创作了这首校歌。
It’s not true. He made it up. 那不是真的,是他捏造的。
At last they’ve made up after their quarrel. 他们争吵后终于和好了。
We should let him make up for his mistakes. 我们应该让他将功补过。
She makes herself up in the morning. 她早上化妆。
We can’t make up the money. 我们凑不足钱。
Bring the sheets and make up the bed. 拿床单来把床铺好。
11. pick up捡起;收拾,整理;学会,获得;(用车)来接,去取;改善;继续;感染(疾病等)
She picked up a wallet in the street. 她在街上捡到一个钱包。
Pick up all your toys when you’ve finished playing. 玩完后把所有玩具都收起来。
Where did you pick up your excellent English? 你在哪儿学到那么好的英语?
I’m going to pick up my coat from the cleaner’s. 我正要去洗衣店取我的外套。
Business is picking up again. 生意又有所好转。
We’ll pick up where we finished yesterday. 我们从昨天停止的地方继续进行。
How did you pick up such bad habit? 你是怎样染上这些恶习的?
12. put up举起,架起,撑起;盖起,修建;张贴,挂;住宿,留宿
Put up your hand if you have any questions. 有问题请举手。
She put up her umbrella and walked out. 她撑起伞走了出去。
They are putting up several new houses on our street. 他们要在我们这条街上建几幢新房子。
We’d better put up a notice about it. 关于这事我们最好出一个通知。
We put up at a small hotel just on the edge of the town. 我们就在镇口上一家小旅馆住下了。
13. set up 创办,成立,建立;竖立,架起;组织,计划,安排;创下(纪录);开业,开始经商;安装
With Mr Ade taking the lead,they decided to set up a trading company. 以艾德先生为首,他们决定成立一个贸易公司。
A working party has been set up to look into the problem. 已成立工作组调查该问题。
Police set up road-blocks on routes leading out of the city. 警方在通往城外的路上设置了路障。
I’ll set up a meeting for Thursday. 我星期四要组织召开一次会议。
He set up a new record for the 1000 metres. 他创下了1000米赛跑的新纪录。
She has set up in business as a bookseller. 她已创业成为书商。
Will you be able to set up my PC? 你能帮忙安装我的计算机系统吗?
14. take up 占去;占据;以……作为爱好;继续;从事;提出(商讨)
For a long time I had wanted to take up writing. 很久以来我一直想从事写作。
This chapter takes up where the last one left off. 本章接续上一章谈到的内容。
The work took up all of Sunday. 这活儿占去了整个星期天。
The bus stopped to take up passengers. 公共汽车停下来让乘客上车。
There’s another matter which we ought to take up. 还有一件事我们要提出来商量。
15. turn up将音量调大;找到;发现;出现
Can you turn the volume up a bit? 你能把音量开大一点吗?
She failed to turn up for work on Monday. 她星期一没来上班。
The documents finally turned up in an office along the corridor. 那些文件最终在走廊那边的一间办公室里找到了。
(编辑 陈根花)