痛风为嘌呤代谢紊乱或尿酸排泄障碍所致血尿酸增高的一组异质性疾病。主要的临床特点是血中尿酸升高,形成高尿酸血症以及反复发作的痛风性急性关节炎、痛风石沉积、痛风性慢性关节炎和关节畸形等。痛风常累及肾脏而引起慢性间质性肾炎和尿酸性肾结石。痛风分为原发性痛风和继发性痛风两大类。原发性痛风除少数由于遗传原因导致体内某些酶缺陷外,大多病因未明,并常伴有肥胖、糖脂代谢紊 Gout is a group of heterogeneous diseases in which purine metabolism disorders or uric acid excretion disorders result in increased uric acid. The main clinical features are elevated uric acid in the blood, formation of hyperuricemia and recurrent gouty arthritis, deposits of tophi, gouty chronic arthritis and joint deformities. Gout often affects the kidneys and causes chronic interstitial nephritis and uric acid kidney stones. Gout is divided into two types of primary gout and secondary gout. In addition to a few primary gout due to genetic causes of certain enzyme defects in the body, most of the etiology is unknown, and often accompanied by obesity, glucose and lipid metabolism