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化学治疗是近代人类对抗结核病的最重要手段,抗结核化疗药物的出现在一定程度上降低了结核病对人类的威胁.随着耐药结核病的出现及流行,加上抗结核新药开发进度缓慢,抗结核化疗出现了瓶颈.在探索抗结核药物治疗方案的道路上,人类逐渐认识到免疫治疗的重要性,近年来间充质干细胞(MSCs)在急性炎症和细菌性肺炎中的免疫调节作用得到了认可.有研究表明,间充质干细胞对于结核病有潜在的治疗作用.作者对MSCs辅助治疗耐多药结核病(MDR-TB)的进展进行综述.“,”Chemotherapy is the most important means for human to fight against tuberculosis in modern times.To a certain extent,anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy reduces the threat of tuberculosis to human beings.But with the prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis and the development of new drug slowly,anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy failed into a bottleneck.On the way of exploring anti-tuberculosis treatment in recent years,people gradually realized the importance of immunotherapy.The immunomodulation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in acute inflammation and bacterial pneumonia has been recognized.Several studies have indicated that MSCs may have the potential therapeutic effect for tuberculosis.In this article,the research progress of the adjuvant therapy multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) of MSCs have been summarized.