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线索日本明治维十九世纪中期的日本社会状况资本主义生产关系已有一定的发展,但仍然是一个闭关自守、封建落后的国家。西方列强入侵,民族危机日益严重。日本开始进入半殖民地半封建社会。封建社会内部,大名、武士阶层已分化,要求改革现状。资本家逐步成为—种政治力量,要求摆脱封建束缚,取得政治上的统治地位。农民反剥削斗争此起彼伏,1837年大盐平八郎领导的大阪贫民起义,提出改革幕府政治的要求。武装倒幕主力——农民和城市贫民不断起义。领导——1867年西南部的四藩(长洲、肥前,萨摩、土佐)联合宣布讨伐幕府。决定性战役——1868年,伏见、鸟羽战役,幕府军被打败。1869年幕府的武装消灭(持续一年)。
Clues Japanese Meiji Peace The Japanese Social Condition in the Middle of the Nineteenth Century Capitalist relations of production have been developed to a certain extent, but they are still a country that is self-reliant and feudal and backward. The Western powers invaded and the national crisis became increasingly serious. Japan began to enter semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. Within feudal society, the names and samurai strata have been divided and require the status quo of reform. Capitalists have gradually become a kind of political force, demanding that they be freed from the shackles of feudalism and gain political dominance. The fight against peasants’ anti-exploitation came one after another. In 1837, the poor member of the Osaka uprising led by Yasuhiro Hiranabe put forward the request of reforming the shogunate politics. The main force of the armed overthrow - peasants and the urban poor constantly intifada. Leadership - In 1967, the four tribes in Southwest China (Cheung Chau, Fat Man, Satsuma and Tosa) jointly announced the siege of Shogun. Decisive battle - 1868, Fushimi, Battle of Toba, the Mufu Army was defeated. 1869 Armed forces annihilation (last year).