根据近年来国内外对肛门直肠区解剖组织的新认识，肛瘘手术时除应保护肛管直肠环外，还需保护肛周结缔组织。为此，我们在临床治疗中，对复杂性马蹄形肛瘘和单纯性外口距肛门较远的直瘘，采用切开感染肛窦（内口）及部分瘘管并将大部分管道旷置的方法，借以保护肛周结缔组织，取得较好效果。 According to the new understanding of the anatomy of the anorectal region at home and abroad in recent years, anal fistula surgery should protect the anorectal loop, but also the perianal connective tissue protection. To this end, we in the clinical treatment, complexity of horseshoe-shaped anal fistula and simple external anal far fistula, the use of incision infection of the anal sinus (part of the mouth) and part of the fistula and most of the methods of derailing the pipeline, In order to protect perianal connective tissue, and achieved good results.