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随着经济时代的来临,现实社会中出现大量的虚假诉讼案件,当事人企图通过提起虚假民事诉讼,获得法院判决书,调解书的形式,达到进而逃避法律义务的履行。此类行为,不仅严重侵害了利害关系人的合法权益,造成司法资源的严重浪费,而且极大地损害了司法的公信力和权威性。2015年《刑法修正案九》中,民事虚假诉讼行为正式入刑。本文旨在厘清诱发虚假诉讼的原因,以及虚假诉讼案件呈现的特征,从而探寻在社会实务中,利害关系人及其诉讼代理人和法院如何进行有效识别虚假诉讼,进行有效防范。进而期待在《刑法修正案九》的司法解释中,能对如何识别虚假诉讼做出进一步明确而实际可操作的规定。
With the advent of the economic era, there are a large number of false litigation cases in the real society. The parties attempt to evade the fulfillment of legal obligations by filing false civil litigation and obtaining the form of court verdict and conciliation statement. Such acts not only seriously violated the lawful rights and interests of the interested parties, caused serious waste of judicial resources, but also greatly damaged the credibility and authority of the judiciary. In 2015, the “Criminal Law Amendment 9”, the civilized litigation was formally sentenced to punishment. The purpose of this article is to clarify the reasons for the induced false litigation and the features of the false litigation cases so as to explore how the interested parties and their agents and courts can effectively identify the false litigation and effectively prevent them in the social practice. Furthermore, we hope that in the judicial interpretation of Amendment 9 to the Criminal Law, we can make further clear and practical rules on how to identify the false litigation.