目的　检测诱导型一氧化氮合酶 (iNOS)在鼻息肉 (NP)鼻内镜术中术后的表达情况 ,探讨iNOS在预测NP的复发及客观判断内镜手术疗效中的作用。方法　取 5 0例NP鼻内镜术中术后NP组织、中鼻道黏膜组织和 37例行下鼻甲切除的下鼻甲黏膜组织 (对照组 ) ,应用免疫组化染色方法 ,分别检测两组组织中iNOS的表达情况。结果　①iNOS在 5 0例鼻内镜术中NP组织的上皮及腺上皮细胞中均有表达 ,在炎症细胞也有表达 ;在 37例对照组鼻黏膜上皮及腺上皮组织均无表达 (P <0 .0 1)。②NP组在术后 1～ 4个月中鼻道黏膜iNOS表达机率逐渐减少 ,大多数可见弱阳性表达。结论　iNOS在NP发生发展中发挥着重要作用 ;NP鼻内镜术后的iNOS动态监测可以作为制定手术疗效客观标准的参考和预测NP复发的高危因素之一 Objective To detect the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) after nasal polyp surgery in nasal polyps (NP), and to explore the role of iNOS in predicting the relapse of NP and objectively evaluating the efficacy of endoscopic surgery. Methods Fifty NPs, nasal mucosa of nasal mucosa and 37 inferior turbinate mucosa (control group) undergoing NP endoscopic sinus surgery were enrolled in this study. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the changes of the two groups of tissues In iNOS expression. Results ① The expression of iNOS in epithelial and glandular epithelial cells of NP tissues in 50 cases of nasal endoscopy was also found in inflammatory cells. No expression was found in epithelial and glandular epithelium of nasal mucosa in 37 cases (P <0.05). 0 1). ② In the NP group, the iNOS expression rate in the nasal mucosa gradually decreased from 1 to 4 months after operation, most of which showed weakly positive expression. Conclusions iNOS plays an important role in the development of NP. The dynamic monitoring of iNOS after NP endoscopic sinus surgery can be used as an objective criterion for the development of surgical efficacy and as one of the risk factors for NP recurrence