周毅、王学伍撰文指出,自然界和人类社会的一切有价值的物质都是资源,人类一切发展都是自然资源的物质变换。资源观包括物质观、辩证观、经济观和稀缺论等;人口观包括人力资源论、适度人口论、人口爆炸论等。人口增长对土地、淡水、森林和矿产等自然资源压力巨大,不仅来自人口绝对数量的增加,而且来自每个人资源消耗增长,在人均 According to Zhou Yi and Wang Xuewu, all the valuable materials in nature and human society are resources, and all human development is the material transformation of natural resources. The concept of resources includes the concept of materialism, dialectics, economic concept and scarcity theory. The concept of population includes human resources theory, moderate population theory and population explosion theory. Population growth puts great pressure on natural resources such as land, fresh water, forests and minerals, not only from an increase in the absolute population, but also from the increase in resource consumption per person,