论文部分内容阅读
一、历史日本把公路和城市道路统称为道路。公路分为国有汽车高速公路、一般公路、都道府县公路和市町村公路。另外,城市及城市间的高速公路,日本称之为城市高速公路,如首都高速公路、阪神高速公路等,这种公路在城市中一般以高架形式通过。日本在明治维新(1868年)以前的交通手段,与欧美各国不一样,主要以步行和骑马为主,到1950年道路建设的水平还相当低。正式的道路建设是从1954年创设的道路特定财源制度和第一次道路建设五年计划开始。且最初是以连接城市之间的中心,1964
I. History Japan refers to roads and urban roads as roads. The roads are divided into state-owned motorways, general highways, metropolitan highways and municipalities. In addition, the expressway between cities and cities, which Japan calls urban expressways such as the Metropolitan Expressway and the Hanshin Expressway, is generally elevated in the city. Japan’s means of transport prior to the Meiji Restoration (1868), unlike those in Europe and the United States, mainly consisted of walking and horse riding. By 1950, the level of road construction was still rather low. Formal road construction begins with the system of road-specific financial resources created in 1954 and the first five-year road construction plan. And initially to connect the center of the city, 1964