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近年来对人体主要器官(心脏、肺脏与肾脏等)建立相应的力学模型,对其功能进行较合理的数学模拟已引起广泛重视。本文就肾脏功能的模拟作一综述。肾脏包含有许许多多个称为肾单位的一种功能结构单位,每个肾单位可分为肾小球和肾小管两部份。肾小球是由一团毛细血管球和包在其外面的肾球囊所组成。肾球囊又与一根弯曲的管道相连,这根弯曲管道就是肾小管(图1)。肾小管按其形状和结构又可分为三段——近曲小管、Heule袢和远曲小管。尿就是在肾单位生成的,其过程包括肾小球的滤过作用和
In recent years, the main mechanical organs (heart, lung and kidney, etc.) of the human body have been established corresponding mechanical models, and more reasonable mathematical simulation of their functions has drawn wide attention. This article reviews the simulation of kidney function. The kidneys contain a number of functional units called nephrons. Each nephron can be divided into two parts: the glomerulus and the tubules. Glomeruli is composed of a ball of capillaries and wrapped in the outside of the kidney balloon composition. The kidney balloon is in turn connected to a curved tube that is the tubule (Figure 1). Tubules can be divided into three segments according to their shape and structure - proximal convoluted tubule, Heule 袢 and distal convoluted tubule. Urine is generated in the nephron, the process of glomerular filtration and