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目的调查2011年湖南省垸外血吸虫病易感环境分布现状及其特点,为制订综合防治措施提供科学依据。方法对湖南省垸外有人畜活动、历史上有钉螺分布及可能有钉螺分布的环境普查;收集垸外血吸虫病易感环境信息,采用GPS定位并建立空间数据库,应用Google Earth平台绘制垸外血吸虫病易感环境分布电子示意图,分析全省垸外血吸虫病易感环境分布现状及特点。结果2011年湖南省共有垸外血吸虫病易感环境洲滩787块,长1 429.64 km,面积62 017.17hm2,活螺平均密度为0.37只/0.1 m2,感染性钉螺平均密度为0.001 9只/0.1 m2,查出有感染性钉螺洲滩180块,感染性钉螺面积688.07 hm2;湘、资、沅、澧等16条有螺水系均有血吸虫病易感环境分布;垸外血吸虫病易感环境植被主要为杂草,其次为芦苇和树。结论湖南省垸外血吸虫病易感环境分布广、面积大、环境复杂,需进一步加强综合治理。
Objective To investigate the status quo and characteristics of susceptible environmental distribution of schistosomiasis outside the embankment in Hunan in 2011 and provide a scientific basis for formulating comprehensive prevention and control measures. Methods The investigation of human and animal activities outside of the embankment in Hunan Province, the distribution of snails in the history, and the possible distribution of snails in the environment were also investigated. The environmental information of schistosomiasis outside the embankment was collected, and the spatial database was established by using GPS. The electronic map of the susceptible environment was used to analyze the status quo and characteristics of the susceptible environmental distribution of embankment outside the embankment. Results In 2011, there were altogether 787 wetlands in Chauzhou, an area of 4279.64 km long, with an area of 62 017.17 hm 2. The average density of live snails was 0.37 /0.1 m2. The average density of infected snails was 0.001 9 /0.1 m2, found 180 infected snail island, infective snail area 688.07 hm2; Xiang, Zi, Yuan, 澧 and other 16 snail water system are susceptible to the distribution of schistosomiasis; embankment outside the embankment susceptible to environmental vegetation Mainly weeds, followed by reeds and trees. Conclusion The susceptible environment of schistosomiasis outside the embankment in Hunan Province is widely distributed, large in area and complex in environment, and it is necessary to further strengthen the comprehensive treatment.