一、引言控制图又称休哈特控制图,是对测量过程是否处于统计控制状态的一种图形记录。在计量检定或校准工作中,对于准确度较高且重要的计量标准仪器,一般要求采用控制图对其进行连续和长期的统计控制,以便于判断测量过程是否处于统计控制状态。传统统计控制图的建立,是在取得预备测量数据的情况下,采 I. INTRODUCTION The control chart, also known as the Shewhart control chart, is a graphical record of whether the measurement process is in a state of statistical control. In the metrological verification or calibration work, it is generally required to use the control chart to carry out continuous and long-term statistical control on the measurement instruments whose accuracy is high and important, in order to judge whether the measurement process is under statistical control. The establishment of traditional statistical control chart is obtained in the case of preparation of measurement data