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背景:脐带Wharton胶富含透明质酸,糖胺多糖及胶原等,成分与天然软骨细胞外基质类似,因此由人脐带提取的Wharton胶很可能是一种较为理想的软骨组织工程支架材料。目的:评价自体脂肪间充质干细胞复合人脐带Wharton胶支架修复兔膝关节软骨缺损的效果。方法:将终浓度为1010L-1、成软骨方向诱导后的兔自体脂肪间充质干细胞与人脐带Wharton胶支架复合,继续培养1周构建组织工程软骨,对兔膝关节全层软骨缺损进行修复(实验组),并与单纯支架修复的对照组及空白组进行比较。术后3个月对修复组织行大体观察、组织学检测、糖胺多糖、总胶原定量检测及生物力学测定。结果与结论:实验组的缺损多为透明软骨修复,对照组以纤维组织修复为主,空白组无明显组织修复。提示脂肪间充质干细胞作为软骨组织工程种子细胞具有可行性;实验构建的组织工程软骨能有效的修复关节软骨缺损,人脐带Wharton胶可作为软骨组织工程良好的支架材料。
Background: Wharton’s gum is rich in hyaluronic acid, glycosaminoglycans, collagen and other components similar to the natural cartilage extracellular matrix. Therefore, Wharton’s glue extracted from human umbilical cord may be an ideal cartilage tissue engineering scaffold material. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of self-adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (Wharton’s glue) on the repair of rabbit articular cartilage defects. METHODS: The autologous adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells induced by cartilage orientation were reconstituted with human umbilical Cord Wharton’s glue with a final concentration of 1010L-1. The tissue cartilage was further cultured for one week to repair the full-thickness cartilage defects in the knee joint of rabbits (Experimental group), and compared with the control group and blank group of simple scaffold repair. At 3 months after operation, the repair tissues were observed, histological examination, glycosaminoglycan, total collagen quantitative detection and biomechanical measurement. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Most of the defects in the experimental group were repaired by hyaline cartilage. The control group was mainly treated by fibrous tissue and the blank group was not significantly repaired. These results suggest that adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells are feasible as cartilage tissue engineered seed cells. The constructed tissue engineered cartilage can effectively repair the articular cartilage defect. The human umbilical cord Wharton gel can be used as a good scaffold for cartilage tissue engineering.