研究拉美国家陷入“中等收入陷阱”发现:经济上增长缺乏技术创新、产业结构不合理、消费不足;民生上收入两极分化和无条件的城镇化;政治上“民粹”主义和高福利政策。研究日本和亚洲“四小龙”成功跨越“中等收入陷阱”发现:经济上科技创新,调整产业结构,消费比例较高;民生上普遍提高劳动者收入、提高劳动者素质;政治上注重制度创新,完善各项改革。因此,提出具有中国特色的“三位一体”的对策:经济上要多角度强化科技创新、建立创新激励体制机制、实施人才优先发展战略;民生上要消除地区、城乡、行业收入差距,提高劳动要素分配比例,并利用财税体制在二次分配中,进一步降低收入差距;政治上要在中国共产党的领导下统筹各项改革,坚决抵触“民粹主义”与“福利赶超”的错误思潮。 The study of Latin American countries caught in the “middle income trap” found that: the lack of technological innovation in economic growth, irrational industrial structure, lack of consumption; income polarization on people’s livelihood and unconditional urbanization; political “populism” and high welfare policy. Study Japan and Asia “Four Little Dragons” Successfully Crossing the “Middle Income Trap” Finding: Economic innovation in science and technology, adjusting the industrial structure, with a high proportion of consumption; generally increasing the income of workers and improving the quality of workers in people’s livelihood; Pay attention to system innovation and perfect various reforms. Therefore, it is proposed to put forward the strategy of “Trinity” with Chinese characteristics: to strengthen the sci-tech innovation from multiple perspectives, to set up an institutional framework for innovation and incentive and to implement the strategy of giving priority to personnel development; to eliminate the income gap between regions, cities and countryside and industries, In the secondary distribution, the fiscal and taxation system should be further adopted to further reduce the income gap. In the political context, it is necessary to make overall plans for various reforms under the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party and resolutely resist the contradictions between “populism” and “welfare catch-up” Wrong thinking.