以水稻品种“东稻4”与“吉粳88”为供试材料,分别种植在吉林西部轻度与重度苏打盐碱地中,在花药发育不同时期进行取样,利用石蜡切片与扫描电镜2种方法观察其花药发育不同时期的小孢子、花粉粒、绒毡层形态上的变化以及成熟花粉粒表面结构的变化。结果表明:苏打盐碱胁迫对2个水稻品种花药发育的影响均表现为小孢子、花粉粒形态上出现萎蔫,细胞质出现皱缩;绒毡层不降解或非正常降解;成熟花粉粒萌发孔环与萌发孔盖结构出现萎缩。轻度与重度苏打盐碱胁迫下“吉粳88”花药发育各个时期小孢子、花粉粒萎蔫程度,细胞质皱缩程度均大于“东稻4”;“吉粳88”在重度苏打盐碱胁迫下观察到花粉粒败育与绒毡层脱落,而“东稻4”未发现;重度苏打盐碱胁迫下“吉粳88”成熟花粉粒萌发孔环、萌发孔盖萎缩程度大于“东稻4”。通过上述结果对比得知,“东稻4”的耐盐碱性可能强于“吉粳88”。 The rice varieties “Dongdao 4” and “Jijing 88” were planted in mild and severe soda saline-alkali soil in the west of Jilin Province. Samples were taken at different developmental stages of anther development, and paraffin sections and scanning electron microscopy Morphological changes of microspores, pollens and tapetum at different stages of anther development and the changes of surface structure of mature pollen grains were observed by two methods. The results showed that the effects of sodic saline-alkali stress on microspore development of two rice cultivars were microspores. The morphology of pollen grains was wilting, the cytoplasm was shriveled, the tapetum was not degraded or abnormally degraded, and the pollen germination pores With the germination hole cover atrophy. The degrees of microspores and pollen grains wilting and the degree of cytoplasm shrinkage in “Ji Dong 88 ” were greater than those in “Dongdao 4 ” and “Jijing 88 ” in the periods of mild and severe sodas stress Pollen grains abscission and tapetum shedding were observed under severe soda-saline-alkali stress, but no “Dong Dao 4” was found; in the severe soda-saline stress, germination of “Jing J 88” Hole cover shrink more than “Dongtai 4 ”. By comparing the above results that “Dongdao 4 ” salt-alkaline resistance may be stronger than “Jijing 88 ”.