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【背景】此研究为“十二五”转基因生物新品种培育国家项目中创建新的转基因棉花品种环境安全评价技术而设。【方法】以转双价双Bt抗虫基因(cry1Ac+cry2Ab)棉和转双价抗虫、抗除草剂基因(cry1Ac+EPSPS)棉为观察品种,非转基因棉赣棉11号为对照品种,在荒地用撒播和3cm深度播种2种方式,于2011年5月～2012年3月对棉花出苗率、株高、生育进程、棉吐絮瓣数、絮瓣脱落率、自生苗等生存竞争能力进行比较,检测、评价其杂草化的风险,并探讨、验证检测技术的可行性。【结果】在荒地条件下,以2种方式播种的转cry1Ac+cry2Ab基因棉和转cry1Ac+EPSPS基因棉与非转基因棉相比,上述各项指标的竞争能力总体上未表现显著优势。【结论与意义】转cry1Ac+cry2Ab基因棉和转cry1Ac+EPSPS基因棉在荒地条件下生长无杂草化风险。同时,研究证明,在荒地自然生态条件下,可以采用撒播和3cm深度播种方法检测新的转基因棉花品种在生存竞争能力上的杂草化风险,在测评上有互为参照效应,为定性评价新的转基因棉花品种的杂草化风险提供了保障。
【Background】 This study was designed to establish a new environmental safety assessment technique for transgenic cotton varieties in the National Project of “Twelfth Five-year” New Generation of Genetically Modified Organisms. 【Method】 Two transgenic cotton cultivars (transgenic lines, cry1Ac + cry2Ab) and transgenic lines (double transgenic lines, cry1Ac + EPSPS) were used as experimental materials. Non-transgenic cotton Ganmian 11 was used as control. In the wasteland with sowing and 3cm depth sowing two ways, from May 2011 to March 2012 on the cotton seedling rate, plant height, growth process, cotton boll number, shedding rate of flaps, viability and other viability Compare, test, evaluate the risk of weed and explore, verify the feasibility of testing technology. 【Result】 The results showed that compared with non-transgenic cotton, cry1Ac + cry2Ab transgenic cotton and transgenic cry1Ac + EPSPS transgenic cotton which were sown in two ways did not show any significant advantage in the condition of barren land. 【CONCLUSION AND SIGNIFICANCE】 The transgenic cry1Ac + cry2Ab cotton and transgenic cry1Ac + EPSPS cotton were not weathered at the condition of wasteland. At the same time, the research proves that we can use the sowing and 3cm depth sowing methods to detect the weed risk of the new transgenic cotton varieties in survival and competition ability under the natural ecological conditions of the wasteland, which have the mutual reference effect on the evaluation, Of GM cotton varieties provide weedy risks.