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以巢湖流域的蒋村为案例分析稻作生产方式演变与环境问题,特别是农业面源污染问题之间的关联。借助农作学研究框架,对1949年前后两个时期的稻作生产方式进行对比。传统时期的水稻种植在地方社区生态系统内进行,综合运用种、水、土、肥等要素,水稻种植的环境影响有限。从人民公社起的现代农业发展,围绕高产目标,采用新稻种、高密植,增用化肥、农药,在更大的系统范围内用水,农业生产中的环境问题日益突显。本质上,农业生产中的环境影响是一个与现代性相生相伴的问题。
The case of Jiangcun in Chaohu Lake Basin was used as an example to analyze the relationship between the evolution of rice production patterns and environmental problems, especially the agricultural non-point source pollution. With the research frame of agronomy, we compared the rice production patterns in two periods before and after 1949. In the traditional period, rice cultivation was carried out in local community ecosystems. The integrated use of species, water, soil and fertilizers has limited environmental impact on rice cultivation. From the people’s commune since the development of modern agriculture, around the goal of high yield, the use of new varieties of rice, planting density, increasing use of fertilizers, pesticides, water within a larger system range, environmental problems in agricultural production has become increasingly prominent. In essence, the environmental impact of agricultural production is a complication of modernity.