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新生儿同种异型免疫血小板减少症(NAIT)极为罕见。其发生率约为五千分之一。大多数经血清学证明的病例系因胎儿与母体血小板特异性抗原Zw~b(P1~(A_λ~m))不相容所致。大约2.5％高加索地区的母亲缺乏这一抗原,可能为纯合子Zw~aZw~a,并可对胎儿Zw~a抗原产生免疫拮抗。在相反情况下,母体纯合子Zw~aZw~a免疫拮抗胎儿的Zw~a抗原引起NAIT极为罕见。因为Zw~b抗体引起的NAIT至今尚未见报道。
Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT) is extremely rare. Its incidence is about one in five thousandths. Most serologically proven cases are due to incompatibility between the fetus and maternal platelet-specific antigen Zwb (P1 ~ (A_λ ~ m)). About 2.5% of mothers in the Caucasus lack this antigen, possibly as homozygous Zw-aZw-a, and immunologically antagonize the fetus’s Zw-a antigen. In the opposite case, maternal homozygotes Zw ~ aZw ~ a immune antagonism of fetal Zw ~ a antigen caused by NAIT is extremely rare. Because of Zw ~ b antibody NAIT has not been reported so far.