社会主义制度是以公有制为其根本特征和全部经济关系的基础。社会主义制度总是处于一个不断完善的过程中,因此,对于社会主义公有制,也需要从理论上不断进行再认识,模式上的再选择。本文就是从这里入题,从理论和实践的结合点上对公有制的本质、公有制模式的选择予以分析阐述。一、社会主义公有制的本质特征马克思在《资本论》第一卷中指出:资本主义私有制是对个人的、以自己劳动为基础的私有制的第一次否定,但资本主义生产由于自然过程的必然性,造成对自身的否定,这种否定不是重建私有制,而是在资本主义时代成就的基础上,也就是说,在协作和对土地及靠劳动本身生产的生产资料共同占有的基础上,重新建立个人所有制。历年来,对马克思关于“重新建立个人所有制”这个论述颇多争议。我认为这个论述 The socialist system is the foundation of public ownership as its fundamental feature and its entire economic relationship. The socialist system is always in a process of continuous improvement. Therefore, it is necessary for the public ownership of socialism to continuously re-recognize and re-select models in theory. This article is from here into the question, from the point of combination of theory and practice of the nature of public ownership, the choice of public ownership model be analyzed. I. The Essential Characteristics of Socialist Public Ownership In the first volume of Capital, Marx pointed out: Capitalist private ownership is the first denial of private ownership of private labor based on one’s own labor, but the inevitability of capitalist production due to natural processes , Which led to the negation of itself. This denial is not a rebuilding of private ownership but on the basis of the achievements of the capitalist era, that is, on the basis of collaboration and co-ownership of land and the means of production produced by the work itself Personal ownership. Over the years, there has been a lot of controversy over Marx’s argument of “re-establishing individual ownership.” I think this statement