工程车辆发动机是动力核心,其冷却风扇性能的优劣直接影响整车动力性能。为了优化发动机冷却系统,使发动机充分高效工作,在满足风扇基本散热需求的基础上,计算和绘制了风扇散热特性曲线,提出了导风罩外形优化的方法,并对风扇与散热器芯子距离最优化进行了讨论。应用FLUENT进行仿真并进行了试验验证,结果表明:应使导风罩的形状近似正方形,且四角尽量以圆弧等圆滑曲线过渡;风扇与散热器芯子最优距离约为300 mm。该优化设计对工程设计有指导意义。 Engineering vehicle engine is the core of the power, the merits of its cooling fan performance directly affect vehicle performance. In order to optimize the engine cooling system and make the engine fully and efficiently work, the cooling characteristic curve of the fan was calculated and drawn on the basis of satisfying the basic cooling requirement of the fan. A method of optimizing the shape of the wind deflector was proposed. The distance between the fan and the radiator core Optimization is discussed. FLUENT was used to simulate and verify the experiment. The results show that the shape of the wind deflector should be approximately square, and the four corners should be rounded as smoothly as possible. The optimal distance between the fan and the radiator core is about 300 mm. The optimal design has guiding significance for engineering design.