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目的探讨分析氟化物防龋和免疫防龋对学龄前儿童龋病的预防效果及对链球菌菌群变化的影响。方法选取襄阳市1 247名幼儿园儿童,以班级为整体进行随机分组,分为氟化物组417名、免疫组424名、对照组406名,氟化物组儿童每6个月涂多乐氟,免疫组儿童每天使用复合抗龋齿变异链球菌免疫球蛋白(IgY)喷剂,对照组未进行任何处理。3组儿童随访2年,观察儿童患龋情况以及口腔链球菌变化情况。结果氟化物组398名儿童完成随访,失访19名,失访率为4.56%;免疫组386例完成随访,失访38名,失访率为8.96%;对照组399例完成随访,失访7名,失访率为1.72%。3组儿童患龋率、龋均以及龋面均比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。对于无龋儿童,氟化物组预防效果较免疫组更佳,而对于整体儿童而言,免疫组儿童的预防效果较氟化物组儿童更佳。氟化物组与对照组比较,不同干预时间的唾液总链球菌属差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);免疫组儿童干预12个月、18个月以及24个月,唾液总链球菌属数量显著低于同期的对照组和氟化物组(P<0.05)。结论氟化物防龋以及免疫防龋均可有效预防学龄前儿童龋病的发生,对于无龋儿童采取氟化物预防的效果更佳,而对于整体儿童而言,采取抗变异链球菌IgY防龋喷剂可有效降低儿童口腔链球菌菌属数量。
Objective To investigate the preventive effect of fluoride caries and immune caries on the caries in preschool children and the influence on the changes of streptococcus. Methods A total of 1 247 kindergarten children in Xiangyang were randomly divided into four groups: fluoride group (417), immunized group (424), control group (406), fluoride group every 6 months Group of children daily use of composite anti-dental caries Mutans immunoglobulin (IgY) spray, the control group without any treatment. Three groups of children were followed up for 2 years to observe the prevalence of caries in children and the changes of Streptococcus oralis. Results In the fluoride group, 398 children were followed up, with a total of 19 patients lost to follow-up. The rate of loss to follow up was 4.56%. In the immunized group, 386 patients were followed up and 38 patients were lost. The rate of loss to follow-up was 8.96% 7, lost rate of 1.72%. There was no significant difference in caries prevalence, caries and caries between the three groups (all P> 0.05). For caries-free children, the fluoride group showed better prophylactic efficacy than the immunized group, whereas for the whole child, immunized group had better prevention than fluoride group. Compared with the control group, there was no significant difference in the total salivary streptococci between the fluoride group and the control group (all P> 0.05). In the immunized group, the levels of total S. salivarius The number of genus was significantly lower than the control group and fluoride group (P <0.05). Conclusion Fluoride anti-caries and anti-caries can effectively prevent dental caries in preschool children. Fluoride prevention is more effective for caries-free children. For the whole children, anti-streptococcus IgY anti- Agents can effectively reduce the number of children Streptococcus oral bacteria.