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人类已经迈入网络时代,一个覆盖社会各个层面的新的社会结构形态——网络社会正在形成。网络社会由于其本身的技术特性与结构特性,从而导致形成了与传统社会彻底不同的社会组成结构。在网络社会诸多结构特性中,非中心性是网络社会的核心特性。这就导致了作为传统社会治理中心的政府面临着在非中心的网络社会中如何生存与转型问题。在传统社会中,政府作为核心的信息拥有方、资源分配方、公共服务提供方,始终处于社会结构的最中心,并支撑着整个社会结构的稳固有效运行。而在网络时代,通过网络,整个人类社会中的个体与个体之间能够以极低的成本建立直接即时迅捷的连接实现信息和资源交换,从而使得整个社会运作不再以单一的核心信息中心和资源分配中心为必要,这就削弱了传统政府作为核心信息中心和资源分配方角色的必要性和重要性。传统政府因此必然面临着严重的生存与转型问题。本文认为,在网络社会中,传统政府必须要实现将核心职能从社会的中心居间者向外围基本公共服务提供者的转变,也就是将职能从重在社会内部结构支撑转为巩固社会结构外壳和保障个体生存权利,从而更好适应网络社会时代下公民对政府提供公共服务的不断增长的新需求。
Mankind has entered the era of the Internet, a new form of social structure that covers all levels of society - an online society is taking shape. Due to its own technical characteristics and structural characteristics, the Internet society has led to the formation of a completely different social composition from the traditional one. Among the many structural features of the online society, non-centrality is a core feature of the online society. This has led to the government as a traditional social governance center facing the problem of how to survive and transform in a non-centralized online society. In traditional society, the government as the core information owner, resource allocator and public service provider is always in the very center of social structure and supports the stable and effective operation of the entire social structure. In the Internet age, individuals and individuals in the entire human society can establish direct and prompt exchange of information and resources at a very low cost through the Internet. As a result, the entire social operation is no longer dominated by a single core information center and The resource allocation center is necessary, which weakens the necessity and importance of the traditional government as the core information center and resource allocator. Therefore, the traditional government must face serious problems of survival and transformation. This paper argues that in the online society, the traditional government must realize the transformation of its core functions from the center of society to the basic public service providers in the periphery. That is, it shifts the function from emphasizing the internal structure of society to consolidating the social structure and guaranteeing Individual right to subsistence, so as to better adapt to the new and ever-increasing demands of citizens for providing public services to the government under the cyber-social era.