在一般的历史或科学史著作中,对于欧洲历史上的炼金术(及相关的哲学观点等)和女巫(及教会对之进行的迫害)现象,已有很多近乎定论的论述。然而,正如法国女性主义早期代表者西蒙娜·德·波伏瓦所说的:“对世界的表征,如同世界本身一样,是男人们的作品,他们是从自己的立场来描述这个世 In the general history or history of science, there has been much near-theoretical discourse on alchemy in Europe (and related philosophical perspectives, etc.) and witches (and persecution on the part of the Church). However, as Simone de Beauvoir, the early representative of French feminism, put it: "The representation of the world, as the world itself is, is the work of men who describe the world from their own standpoint