细胞外囊泡（EV）具有分布广泛，内容丰富，全面参与调控重要的细胞生理活动等特点。作为肿瘤诊断的新技术，EV的天然优势包括保护其内容物，易于从各种体液中获取，有望真正无创以及高度组织源性等。为了适用于临床检测，诸多EV分离技术如微流控、免疫芯片、纳米流式、声学捕获等技术不断被开发。目前已有EV肿瘤诊断产品已走向临床，但是由于其检测方法和检测平台的差异，目前其临床应用仍然存在技术难点。随着临床证据的不断积累和适用于临床的诊断方法的持续完善，基于EV的液体活检最终能真正走入临床、应用于临床。“,”Extracellular vesicles (EV) are widely distributed, rich in content, and fully participate in the regulation of important cellular physiological activities. As a new technology for tumor diagnosis, the natural advantages of EV include protecting its contents, being easy to obtain from various biofluids, having the potential to be truly non-invasive and high tissue fidelity. In order to transfer EV for clinical use, many isolation technologies such as microfluidics, immunochips, nano-flow cytometry and acoustic capture have been continuously developed. At present, several EV tumor diagnostic products have been applied in the clinical setting. However, due to the great differences in detection methods and platforms, there are still some technical difficulties in its clinical applications. With the accumulation of clinical evidence and the continuous improvement of clinical diagnostic methods, the liquid biopsy based on EV can finally be applied in the clinic.