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蒸发互补关系中的湿润环境蒸散发量一般采用Priestley-Taylor(P-T)公式进行计算.基于海河流域38个子流域的水文气象观测数据及山东位山通量实验站的观测数据,发现P-T公式中参数α值的年际变化规律是随降水量的增加而增大;季节变化规律是冬季大夏季小;日内变化则从清晨到正午逐渐减小,从正午到傍晚逐渐增大.上述变化的机理可以解释为:年际变化是因为大气系统对陆面蒸散发变化的负反馈作用,同时大气系统本身的开放性削弱了这种反馈作用;季节变化是由海陆间平流输送的季节性变化引起;日内变化是因为大气系统对地表能量变化的响应具有一定的滞后性.
The evapotranspiration in the complementary relationship of evaporation is generally calculated by the Priestley-Taylor (PT) formula.According to the hydrological and meteorological observation data of 38 sub-basins in the Haihe River Basin and the observation data of Shandong Bitong Flux Experiment Station, it is found that the parameters in PT formula The annual variation of α value increases with the increase of precipitation; the seasonal variation is small in winter and summer; the intraday variation gradually decreases from early morning to noon and gradually increases from noon to evening.The mechanism of the above changes can be The explanation is that the interannual variation is due to the negative feedback effect of the atmospheric system on the evapotranspiration of the terrestrial surface and the weakening of this feedback effect by the openness of the atmospheric system itself. The seasonal variation is caused by the seasonal variation of advection transport between the land and sea. The change is due to the lagging nature of the response of the atmospheric system to changes in surface energy.